Andy’s e-Portfolio Submission

Andrew Leite’s e-Portfolio

 

Welcome to my e-Portfolio! My name is Andrew Leite,  and this is my first review of a year in college, a look back not only at what I have learned, but how I learned it, and what I did with the knowledge I gained.

The creation of this site marks the end of my freshman year at Penn State, and I have grown and changed not only academically but in how I approach many other aspects of my life, my work in particular. In working and striving towards an English major, with a particular focus on creative writing, I have always had my personal attitude towards how I write and how I get the ideas from my mind to the page. The process for me was always more a matter of personal stake in a project, my own inspiration, and generally needing the right amount of personal motivation for my writing to have the quality that I really think it deserves. Since writing has always been easy for me, my essays for school were usually very direct and bare, unless the subject particularly invigorated my imagination. I would usually make the conscious decision to separate and save the inspired ideas and stylistic effort for the pieces over which I have more control and in which I invest more creative strength. 

It was not truly until my senior year of high school, in my Humanities class, when I realized that essays in higher education and professional situations, only an essay charged with both informational and creative strength will carry weight beyond the mere facility of a report. This revelation, though now it seems obvious, greatly impacted the way I write today, both for school and for recreation. Just one assignment and I suddenly matured in my medium, acknowledging that literature in the professional world is neither just about my standards or the standards of other people. Both are critical to simultaneously prove a point and make it meaningful to the readers. Before my final Humanities project, my audiences were always a teacher with a rubric or myself with the goal of making my work better. 

Those academic and recreational standards came crashing down when I realized that the whole world could be my audience, but only if I learn and exercise to properly write to it.

I will always be grateful to my Humanities class for that revelation, because my first year of chasing my English major was more of the same rather than another completely new discovery piled on top of all the other discoveries that I was surrounded by in college. Suddenly every teacher was asking why what I was writing about was important, how it could be applied in the daily lives of my audience. This real-world, professionalism-oriented mindset began to bleed into every aspect of my life in college, and though I am only 25% through my higher education, I am already grabbing as many opportunities to further my post-grad success.

The summer after my first year of college, I am going to be running my own business through a leadership internship. I am already taking on more responsibilities for next semester with the organizations I am involved with on campus. My future is looking much more responsible than the past, and in that respect, more future-oriented. That mindset shift is so tied to my mini-revelation on the issue of essays: to reach the goals that are worth reaching, one cannot stick to standards, either internal or externally based. Every avenue must be searched and explored, scavenged for every clue closer to the essential ‘why’ behind any piece of art, even if it’s only a persuasive essay for school.

I regret to say that I am still a novice at the combination of my personal creative synthesis, external source material, and reinforcing rhetoric, and sometimes the ‘why’ gets lost in the struggle to balance the three effectively. But it is that ‘why’ is what gives such strength to the words I write, and when the combination is at perfect equilibrium, that strength is plain to see. The ‘why’ is what drives me, and is driving me towards my future in literature and in the professional world.

This e-Portfolio is as much a reminder to me as it is to you readers to never stop looking for that ‘why’, that core, no matter if you are writing or reading. 

This I Believe – Andrew Leite CAS138T

 

If there’s one thing I can pride myself on it is that I am a nerd, but I haven’t always been what you might call a  “well-rounded” nerd. Sure, science fiction, the natural world, and cult classic movies have been my interests and passions for a good portion of my life, but one thing I had never really taken an interest is comic books.

I mean, of course I had read certain comic books, or, excuse me, graphic novels. You know, the ones every nerd should at least flip through. But beyond the occasional Batman comic I had never thought much of the medium. And with graphic novels such as V for Vendetta, Watchmen,and Hush, I appreciated the story and the art, but I knew they were published serially and considered them like comic compilations – engaging stories but still only comic books

Some rainy days, when temporarily bereft of responsibility, I would visit a bookstore close to where I lived and spend hours browsing, skimming, and reading books, exploring corners and crannies and new releases. One such day I found the new comic section in the back corner of the store.When I strode past sometime later, absentmindedly running my hand across the spines of every comic book I thought would be the same as the next, two other people came the opposite way, and one said to the other as they passed, “and this is must be the new loser zone”. I stopped, looked briefly as they turned the corner, then turned to my hand on the shelf. It was resting on a graphic novel with more pages than I thought any comic book could hold. I opened the pages and for the next three hours sat in the “loser zone” reading a book that changed the way I thought about the world and the medium of comic books.

The book that I found was Habibi by Craig. Thompson and like all graphic novels is a story propelled and told by an art style, through a series of frames and bubbles. The art style flows with the story and adds an enticing new element that functions as an integral cog in the complex machinations of the plot. Every bit of every page, the background, the scroll-worked frame borders, the calligraphy of the page numbers, they all add to the significance and power of the story throughout any work. Like a movie, the artist creates the narrative frame by frame, but what exists outside of the frame can be just as significant. Artistic and literary devices blend together and amplify each other; subtle repetition in the story echos through repetition in the art, metaphors can become reality, lines reach out through the intricate or simplistic designs to connect events or characters, all driving multiple levels of meaning through the story in a way books and movies cannot. I once was content to appreciate stories through one medium, and therefore only have a limited understanding of what was truly possible with that story This different and more in depth view of stories expands to the world around me as well. Gaining an appreciation for the asethetic meaning of my envoronment has opened my eyes to ever more possibilities.. After that rainy three hours, I believe in appreciating stories and experiences on multiple levels. After spending time in what some might call “the loser zone”, I believe in comic books.

 

PAS – 1st Story of the New Semester –

So hi, everyone in my new CAS class. I’m Andrew, this is my Passion blog. For more specific information as to what the general purpose is, please read the About this Blog page, but essentially I write short story ideas (either in the form of a conceptual rant, a list of questions, or a broad introduction) and then I let any commenters suggest which direction the story should be driven. As you might expect, this passion blog idea relies heavily on reader response, otherwise it’s just me posting stories with no ending. Any input is greatly appreciated and will be perhaps added into the story. Feel free to expand off of other comments, add some sort of twist, characters, the works. I’d like to build a small internet community around storytelling. And every criticism of other commenters must be constructive, please.

Enough intro, now onto the story!

To be honest, many of the things you’ll read here will be kind of sci-fi oriented in one respect or another. I apologize if such nerdiness is not your literary cup of tea, but any criticism on just the literary aspect would be much appreciated. Luckily for those of you for whom this may apply, this is not one such story idea.

I’ve been thinking about a story that follows a set of twins individually. But not just the normal “separated at birth” concept. I was thinking maybe a set of quadruplet fraternal twins (which is way more likely to happen than quadruplet identical twins). The story will likely start at a time when they all need to strike out from each other, but have already sufficiently matured to take care of themselves – likely the death of their parents. At their parent’s death, they learn that their mother or father had been struggling with schizophrenia for a long time, so statistically they each have a high chance of also developing schizophrenia. Then from there they each have chapters or side stories of their separate perspectives. The four of them would be different enough to each be their own person and distinctly different people, but have the sibling similarities between them that reoccur and double as a theme throughout the story itself.

One of them could be from a different parent (awkward to think about, but possible and could lead to interesting emotional dynamics). I was thinking a boy, and likely the “youngest”(maybe since it would be a very rare birthing procedure he might be a day later than the others) . The dynamic I envisioned was that though he is the archetypal “underdog” of the family, since he’s the only one with a different father and also the last to be born of the twins, he’s the favorite son (unsaid by the parents, of course, but implied) and of two of his siblings. They love him because of the carefree nature he approaches life with, maybe the sheepish and comedic way he blows off any mistakes me makes. A lovable “outcast” to his family and his friends, approaching every situation with a falsely humble and sheepish demeanor hiding the impetuousness, greed, and egoism of the spoiled child he is.  He understands the power of his position as the (false) outcast, often staying aloof of other situations by claiming to not understand. After the death of his parents and learning how his mother hid her terrible condition from them, he begins to let his calm agreeable mask slip and slowly reveals to those around him his true personality and how badly he’s been exploiting his popularity.

The “oldest’ sibling might be overcome with the fact that the above mentioned youngest  is the parents’ favorite, while still the youngest, a bastard, and a “bad boy”. Likely a woman, this sibling is the best candidate to be the nervously obstinate, straight-laced sister. After the death of their parents, she feels she is the only one who has always seen the younger brother for what he is as an egotistical brat. After the funeral she still thinks she’s the only one who can see his humble exterior deteriorate as they both struggle with the deaths and the prospect that they or their siblings could develop a debilitating crippling mental condition. As she spirals into paranoia, her fixations on both exposing her brother’s machinations and proving to herself that she is not the crazy one envelop her entire life.

And the other two siblings are what I’d like you guys to help me with. Just comment with any ideas you’d like to use to expand this story. If this wasn’t your cup of tea, maybe take a look at things I’ve written in the past, they’re mostly more action-packed and nerdy.

Anyway, thanks so much for reading this far, and I hope to see your comments! The more ideas you provide, the farther we can take these stories and these characters together.

Thanks again! And remember – one raindrop raises the sea

(a potential title would be a good start 😀 )

PAS #4 – Unnamed Premise

So yeah. Going back, filling in the gaps and what not.

 

This story has not had as much time to fester in my mind as some of the others I’ve posted here, but it still has some semblance of potential.

So here it goes – very rough outline

A curious government experiments on a small town in the southwest, suddenly shrinking everyone in the 400-some population to about an inch or so tall. Some people, the elderly, many of the young, or those with weakened immune systems, do not survive the transformation. Some with a body-mass index too high in fatty acids were not shrunken properly and basically turned inside out. Those who managed to survive obviously were in a weakened state for quite a while after, and were cared for by the government employees who infiltrated the town after then ray or beam or gas was deployed and dissipated. anyway, the survivors, numbering around 250 or so wake up in a circle of light on a cold linoleum floor beside one another, already in government issued uniforms to fit their size. Looking around, they find any friends or family they can. As the first ones step outside of the light circle, the rest of the lights around them flip on in a brilliant flash. When their tiny eyes adjust they all know where they are and look to each other in confusion. The local grocery store smells of floor wax and cleaning solution – the government employees must have cleaned their experiment space, and are no doubt behind the swaying cameras along the ceiling.

A brave couple individuals attempt to turn to the crowd and organize them. Most people are screaming at one another, crying in another’s arms or sobbing prone against the tile beneath them. No one understands why theyre here, where their life has gone. A few just curl up and wish for sleep again. Then after not too long the first few small groups trudge hopelessly from the group, clutching to loved ones, trying to wipe away tears and think rationally. Outsiders find a group amongst strangers, though a hand full sprint solo in different directions. Finally a voice rises over those who have not moved out yet; a police officer tries to organize the people into groups, focusing first on dealing with any possibly dangerous emotional states. A couple inconsolable victims stumble unbelieving towards the green swinging door leading to the employees only area, whimpering and moaning. Even more refuse to go anywhere when the officer’s troupe votes to find the store’s main office.

Over the course of the story, the plot would follow several characters at once : Likely the police officer or someone close to him, a person or two in his group, a rational person on their own, one of the distraught people who slowly go insane, one of the people who at first considers letting themselves die then remotivates to find the government scientists who are watching them, et cetera. There would undoubtedly be turf wars over certain food sections – the foods that do not expire and easily divided into “bite size” pieces would be more highly coveted and protected, as would sources of water. Large insects would be a problem, as would the coolers/freezers, the extended travel time of the “liliputianed” peoples, their increased metabolic rates, the psychological damage of being trapped and so hopelessly limited by size. Possibly more ill effects of the process could begin to take hold of the characters; the process would have to be concieved ahead of time so as to sprinkle slight signs of degradation through the narrative.

Anyway, there’s the basics. Hope it was thought provoking. I know it sounds like “the borrowers” or similar, but this is a very different setting, environmentally and chronologically, and these people have to deal with conflicting goals and possibly shifting morals. I think it’d be best to keep contact with normally sized peoples to a minimum, but have it in the story for more dynamic periods of action.

Thanks for reading!

RCL10 – Visual Rhetoric of War: Dresden “Allegory of Goodness”

In 1945, as World War II drew to a close, American military forces in Germany bombed the city of Dresden nearly to the ground. The immense destruction and sheer magnitude of the strike is extremely evident in the photo below. Not only is the chaos and shock of war shown by the tangled skeletal buildings, but the statue in the foreground hints at a deeper mourning than just for the loss of property or the loss of life. The statue is titled “Goodness” and was part of a collection of other statues by August Schreitmueller and was carved for the roof of City Hall Tower Dresden in 1908. The other statues in the collection are “Wisdom”, “Courage”, “Loyalty”, and “Faith”. The statue of “Goodness”, however, has a very particular pose that fits the background subject matter. It almost appears as if “Goodness” herself, an established aspect of the city’s cultural identity, is shocked and mourning for the state of her once fair city from her vantage point atop Dresden’s social center. It’s a most effective commentary on how war destroys not only the lives and identities of people, but the liveliness and identities of places as well.

photograph by Richard Peters

PAS # 7 – Story 4

So it’s been a while…

Not for lack of trying, but no especially stirring ideas have come to mind in a while. Any promising ones I either chose to keep to myself for a rainy day or figured were too “out there” for anyone to want to read or respond to. Or when I do have an idea it’s when I’m too busy to post it and forget it later.

 

Anyway, I just watched The Conjuring. Expected scares, predictable timing, but very good cinematography and an engaging story, better than average, I would recommend it for any scare junkies. I found it more interesting than scary, but it really just depends on how you watch horror movies. Anyway, kind of inspired me a bit –

Post-Halloween Spooky Post

So backstory first, then I’ll let you guys develop a way to bring the scare into the present –

Early October one year ( very early 20th century) a small American family starts making their costumes for Halloween festivities (at this point in the history of Halloween in America, the holiday has only recently gained national popularity so it’s still a new experience for everyone). The teenage daughter of the family has chosen to go as a demon. Her parents got her a red costume and at first could not find the right mask. The father, however, is friends with a veteran of the American forces who had been in China during the Boxer Rebellion. This friend was deeply changed by his experiences and has frequently returned to China and Japan on exploratory missions to find himself in the culture of the region (or something). The friend recently returned from his latest trip and when the father looks through his newest souvenirs, he spies an interesting mask from Japan. When asking about it and mentioning his daughter’s costume plans, the father’s friend does not hesitate to give it to him as a gift. The father graciously accepts and studies the mask. despite its obvious age it remains a brilliant red, and the face depicted upon it is an angry demon with a set of horns, steeply arched eyebrows, a grisly smile, and almost avian features including a long rounded nose. He thanks his friend and returns home, and upon giving the mask to his daughter, he notices as she waves it about in excitement that there is a small line of characters along the inside edge of the mask. His friend, who is already off on another trip, is the only one he knows who can read Japanese so it is quickly forgotten.

The daughter loves the mask. It matches her costume perfectly and gives it a unique exotic flare. She puts it on and wears it around the house that night and is still wearing it the next morning as she has her breakfast, flipping it up over her face to eat. The father smiles at her excitement as the mask grins terribly at the ceiling, its nose pointing almost accusingly upwards. Throughout the day it is always on her head in some way, sometimes over her face, sometimes backwards, a hat, a necklace. She takes it off for school the next day but her father comes home to find her at the kitchen table, staring at her homework through the red ceramic demon. Days passed, growing ever closer to Halloween, and it wasnt long before she started bringing the mask to school. She told her parents that other kids were bringing in their costumes too and they begrudgingly accepted. His wife was starting to get worried and so was he. But the smile on their daughter’s face whenever she chose to lift the mask always calmed their anxieties, and the whole family could hardly wait for the end of October and all the spooky festivities.

Halloween had finally come and the daughter wore her entire costume to school. She thought it must have been a lot scarier as a whole. None of her friends seemed to want to look at her for too long, even those who had already seen the mask. She playfully tried to spook one kid and he threw up all over the floor. As she walked down the halls people turned towards her then quickly averted their eyes. She felt a little confused and a twinge of sadness but more than anything noticed an odd feeling of power. They were not just surprised by her costume, they were scared by it. When she passed they moved. No one, not even a teacher, could muster up the power to say anything to her the entire day. When anyone tried they ended up staring into those roughly painted eyes and their breath came out slow and wordlessly in a submissive hiss. She felt everyone’s terror coming off of them in waves like heat. She did not know why she felt such power but her confusion quickly faded and she grew to liking it.

That night she and her family went to a Halloween bonfire. Her parents had not seemed as scared of the costume as everyone else but were still oddly tense. The sun was soon down and all of the adults and all of the children naturally congregated on either side of the fire. All of the other kids seemed to huddle together and occasionally glance in the girl’s direction, their eyes shining back at her in the firelight. She didn’t mind though. By now she relished the surge of power she felt from every whimper, every quivering look of terror on their faces. She felt she could control these other children, her friends and family, through their fear. She knew she could. Throughout the night she had snarled and cackled at them quietly but now the parents were gone and she knew she could really scare them now, really feel in control.

She stepped closer the fire to cast an eerie silhouette across their small huddle and she felt a sharp slice around her face. It took a moment for her to register the acuteness of the pain and she staggered, gasping for breath. Then the slicing came again, twisting deeper, like a cookie cutter around the edge of her face, like jagged edges were burrowing in. She staggered again but kept her footing, stumbling a few yards from the fire. She felt for the scars and remembered that she was still wearing the mask, how had she forgotten…she took it off and felt around her face. An oval scar traced around her face and a short moan of fear escaped her. A short smart of pain from her finger jolted her from her racing thoughts, and when she looked to her hand and the mask it held another moan came forth involuntarily from somewhere deep inside her. She staggered back closer to the fire in shock and disbelief, it may have been the flickering firelight but she swore, she was sure she saw a slight serrated edge of spearheads grow and flow from the inside edge of the mask, moving in waves like caterpillar legs, shifting like a saw. She looked out to where the other children had been standing but was blinded by the smoke, blown by the changing wind to her face. Blinking, weeping, then staring at the blood dripping from the finger that had been caught by the sliding knives, she noticed something else.

It was the one aspect she hadn’t noticed about the mask because of how often she had been wearing it. A thin line of writing along the inside edge, painted on the ceramic, slowly flowing with the sharpened edge (or flickering in the firelight?). As it flowed with the serrated edge and the bonfire it seemed to shift, to change from English to Spanish to…was that Japanese or Chinese? Arabic, Danish, French, Russian…After staring for a few minutes, frozen by fear, tears streaming down her face from the pain and the smoke and the hollow feeling that she was suddenly alone, she could read the message.

“Though many names I’ve taken, many peoples I have ruled, many times I’ve walked the earth and strangled the hearts of man in my molten grip of fear I am but one force,” As she read the text switched languages faster and faster, it seemed flames from the bonfire licked into the air at double speed, the wind whipped a quick dust devil around her, billowing smoke, rustling the nearby trees, she could hear the adults still laughing and one of a child calling for a mother. More than just a trick of the light, she coughed at the smoke as her tears mixed with the blood of her scars and she read on, “One power, one source of darkness to contrast all the sources of light,” The wind snapped across the top of the bonfire pile and burning brands flew at her through the darkness and the smoke as she gripped the mask in both hands and grimaced again. One scratched across her face. The other caught the hem of her costume and the fire spread as she kept turning the mask and reading the curving text through her tears and blood. A voice that sounded like a thousand sang the words through the wind, a hollow tuneless shrieking in her ears: “Many names to be whispered, many corners filled with my shadow, and ever more hearts choking on their clotting fear and tears and blood. But only one true face. A face of fire, a light to cast shadows across all souls. A face you’ll wear.”

All of the rippling speartips and the painted words crashed deep into her oval  facial scar and hooked through the skin, and as the mask slapped hard against her face the long malicious nose caught the fire from a branch flying through the howling wind. And the force of the mask hitting against her face sent her flying into the fire. And there was no scream but a rattle, like a burning throat, and the bonfire went out.

Well. There you go. What’s next is a way to add in a contemporary way for the story to continue, to further develop and sort of devil masks and their various properties. obviously the intro needs a lot of work, dont know if it should be more or less specific. I kinda went ham with that last part, but it was fun to write. The mask I described is based off of Japanese Tengu masks. The Tengu is a Japanese mythological bird demon and trickster, and traditional long-nosed masks are worn at festivals or for the occasional prank.

Anyway, hope this was scary or interesting enough for you. Don’t have much experience writing horror, but this is more just creepy I think.

Let me know what you think and DON’T FORGET to add your own twist! Thanks for reading!

RCL#8 – Faulty Logos

http://www.memecenter.com/fun/270208/logic

Here is a meme i found about logic. Two characters are discussing the first’s job as a consultant, and the consultant correctly guesses things about the bartender’s life through logical connections. However, when the bartender tries the same thing, he gets caught up in the relativity of all of the connections and jumps straight to the end of the logic chain. Obviously, as the consultant shows, making logical connections is an individualized process and a chain that works for one person certainly won’t apply to another. The bartender also adds in a causation factor which does not always exist in logic. However these obvious slips are what causes the humor of the meme.

RCL #7 – Large Scale Paradigm Shift

This idea is still very half-baked as far as application in a project, and most certainly I will need to work on how to properly space the extended time period over which this shift occurs, but I do believe I’ll go for it. I would like to research and present the societal paradigm shift in the Western perception of the East, more specifically the Middle East and Indian subcontinent. I am not sure what time period I should begin with, but I am thinking somewhere around World War I, when the Middle East took its first major leaps from the shadows of legend and into the light and sight of the major powers of Europe and the United States. The cultural attitudes towards these regions had always been a sort of exotic barbarism; rough people living in rough environments. At first these stereotypes seemed true and destined to stick, then gradually after the dust cleared from the World Wars the fledgling states and nations slowly rose to rival the more developed West. With this rise came a whole new set of societal stereotypes, some better founded than others. Tracing this development will not only follow the story of how the world sees these nations but the stories of the nations themselves.

PAS#5 – Story 3 – “Unplugged”

Good morning, readers and writers! Another story idea is waiting just below, though this one is even less developed than the last and I’m kind of losing confidence that it’ll get any comments, as the last two have failed in this also. For a blog based solely around a community’s interaction with a story prompt and the stories that each individual tells, it’s kind of a ghost town over here. It’s probably something I’m doing wrong, but I’m sure with refinement this process will get better! But anyway, let’s get to today’s premise.

This one definitely falls more under science fiction (probably just lost a bunch of you right off the bat with that). I’m not sure if a story like this already exists, though I would not be surprised given the relative simplicity of the set up. Basically, the “what if” is

“what if someone’s soul or personality were transformed into a cloud of cellular signals or trapped as information inside the internet?”

I can’t take credit for the idea either, this came up in a rambling text conversation wherein my friend was convinced I was trapped in her phone. I’ve been saving the idea for now, since I knew it’d be good for this blog.

Ok, important details that need to be sorted out –

1. (most importantly) How and why does this happen?! Making up bunk science is always fun, but if you think about it the human brain is just a vessel for the series of chemically generated electrical signals that make up our whole mental being. If these energies were perfectly converted into different kind of energies, or permanently stored in a computer or a cell phone, would that person still exist within that medium (assuming the “soul” is strong enough to somehow manipulate the technologies in which it exists, at least enough to keep all if the information needed to stay sentient together). The fundamental “how” is usually introduced in science fiction as either exposition and is made apparent from the beginning or is discovered closer to the climax, when a solution is discovered. I would think for this prompt that the latter is more appropriate, since once this poor trapped soul finds a way to communicate with anyone he will be asking for a way out. The fundamental “why” can either remain inferred, based solely upon the actions of the character who is assimilated into ‘the cloud’, or could be explained alongside the how following the climax. To answer that, we’ll need to see how the story flows once there actually is a story.

2. Who is the person who gets trapped? Is he/she a scientist victim of a failed experiment? Is he a randomly selected test subject with a normal life? Is he a computer expert who unlocked something terrible inside his technology? Or did this happen randomly? Another question could be if the story begins with him/her inside of the cloud, would they remember their life/personality in a human brain or would they begin completely anew, only clinging to sentience due to the nature of the electrical signals that comprise their consciousness? I’m sorry if I’m losing any of you here, but I’m excited at all of the prospects.

3. How, if ever do they get out? This really should be saved for last, definitely not until we at least have the how and why. But still something to keep in mind.

My mantra for this passion blog was “One raindrop raises the sea”. So far I’ve been in a bit of a drought, but I’ll keep trying different ways to portray my prompts so to make it more appealing to the audience.

Thanks for reading, don’t forget to comment!

RCL#5 – Kairos – Just what they wanted to hear

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/99/Hitler_speech_in_klaipeda.jpg

As terrible of a person as Adolf Hitler was, you cannot deny that before his appointment as chancellor of Germany, his rhetoric drove his popularity amongst his German audiences through the roof. The most important element of his speeches was his sense of timeliness, or kairos, particularly relating to the state of Germany post-World War I.

http://www.historywiz.com/images/worldwarII/hitler1936.jpg

Due to the sanctions placed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles, World War I left the country in shambles not only physically but economically and militarily. The German population was disheartened as they began to pick up the pieces and it was dreadfully slow-going. Then in 1924, after his release from imprisonment for staging a coupe d’etat against the existing government, Adolf Hitler more fully enters the political scene. His charisma and deep sense of national pride drew audiences, and he kept them coming with his appeals to the public’s distaste for the reparations and concessions that the Treaty of Versailles forced their country to pay. Hitler did not blame Germany for the outcome of World War I and took a strong stance against communism, both of which increased his popularity markedly amongst his fellow Germans (though technically he was Austrian…). People were more than willing to accept his “side-message”, his underlying theme of antisemitism; Hitler blamed the Jewish population of Germany for the economic distress and loss of WWI, saying once in a speech to the Reichstag, “”If the international Jewish financiers outside Europe should succeed in plunging the nations once more into a world war, then the result will not be the bolshevisation of the earth, and thus the victory of Jewry, but the annihilation of the Jewish race in Europe”‘. He appeals to the public’s growing fear of communism spreading from the east, and offers instead a solution to go with this “problem”. But fascism entails a whole different kind of rhetoric…

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