Yolanda Lopez and Ester Hernandez

heal those broken souls

who have no peace and

lead us all from darkness

into light.

by Holocaust survivor

The new state of Israel was established in 1948 in great part by Holocaust survivors. The Jewish hoody day, the Shabbat, as a symbol of universal friendship and solidarity.

The four questions raised by the images comprise complex moral quandaries. The fact that many ethical questions were left unanswered after the Holocaust allowed them to grow more complex over the years. As a metaphor for the formidable and perplexing dilemmas that these questions pose, the boundaries between the painting and photo images become entirely blurred. (The Holocaust Project, Judy Chicago, 1995).

Where should the Line be drawn?

when do ends justify the means?

what determines quality of life?

who controls our human destiny?

The German Racial hygiene (cleansing) movement raises questions:

is science ever objective?

can scientists ever fully separate their work from their loves and hates, hopes and fears?

what role, then, should scientists play in promoting the uses of their discoveries?

Is it always clear where science ends and politics begins?