“The Persistence of Memory”

If I were to describe my week, it would be “busy”. Insanely busy. Thus, I decided that for this blog post, I would find a piece of artwork that focused on the aspect of time. Which lead me to finding about this painting by the Spanish artist Salvador Dali called The Persistence of Memory. At a first glance, I would say that this painting is rather interesting. It raised a lot of questions. What did the melting clocks mean? That time is limited? And why do the cliffs in the background seem to stand out so much? What is the red oval in the in the far left corner of the painting? What are the small, black dots on it? How about the figure in the middle? Is it a horse? A rock? A bush? These questions essentially led me to do some research.Screen Shot 2015-02-19 at 3.17.01 PM

According to legomenon.com, the artist himself described it as “hand-painted dream photographs” (Shabi). This relation of the artwork and dreams seem to make sense. If we look at the painting, we can see different things that could suggest a setting of a dream. First of all, the melting clocks are unrealistic. There is a random hard thing in the top left corner that looks like a metal table in the middle of what seems like a deserted area. There’s a weird object in the middle of the painting that isn’t quite an object or a living organism. However, there’s a part of the painting that is rooted in reality – most of the objects are easy to be identified. The cliffs in the background are detailed and the shading is good. Thus, we can conclude that the painting is stating something about reality versus dreams.

Thus, we can look at the main symbol being used: clocks. Supposing that this painting is in a dream, we can say that the clocks (or time) are melting. However, in reality clocks are hard and do not yield to pressure. Perhaps what Dali wanted to state that time is soft or weak when in the dream state. If taken literally, the painting can mean that when in dreams and separated from reality, time doesn’t mean anything – it is slowly fading into nothing. Another piece of evidence to this idea is the red object in the bottom left corner. Upon further inspection, we can see that it is another type of clock – probably a picket watch. The black dots on the watch are ants. By placing ants on the watch, it makes it seem as though time is decaying and slowly wasting away.

Another aspect of the painting is the contrast between the meaning that the painting is showing and the title of the painting: The Persistence of Memory. If time is wasting away, then why would memory be persisting and never dying? Perhaps this a satire what Dali was using, to further emphasize that memory and time are twisted in the dream world (or the mind where dreams occur) and that perhaps memory isn’t everlasting and correct.

 

Resources:

Shabi, K. “Salvador Dali Persistence of Memory: Meaning of the Melting Clocks.”

Salvador Dali Persistence of Memory: Meaning of the Melting Clocks.

Legomenon Online Literary Journal & Magazine, 29 May 2013. Web. 12 Feb.

2015.

MLK Speech

How does MLK begin reframing the discourse around his activities involving civic disobedience? What is you response?

– MLK basically is reframing the discourse around his activities involving civic disobedience by saying pointing out how they (him and the people who follow him) are not in the wrong. First off, he addresses the clergymen in a polite voice. And in this voice, he points out that it was too late to keep postponing the right for freedom. He points out the injustice towards everyone and how logically they had to do something. In addition, I thought that it was really critical that he point out that they had no choice but to do something like breaking the law because the law was wrong.

What is your response to MLK’s explanation of non-violence?

– I would say that MLK’s explanation of non-violence is quite interesting. I understand that if fighting against fellow humans could cause riots and result in more hatred. By using violence, one can end up enforcing the idea that they were harmful/rude. In addition, by having non-violence, one can be respected. However, the problem is that non-violence can lead to nowhere/everything would move very slowly. In addition, just being non-violent doesn’t mean that other’s won’t be non-violent.

What are your thoughts on the in-group tensions and dynamics that both Malcolm and MLK attempt to confront?

– I feel that in-group tensions are not really about thinking for the best of the people, but rather due to corruption. Especially for Malcolm, those at the top were for money and power. As for MLK, he faced opposition in the area of the type of strategy to fight for freedom – one for doing nothing and one for going all out. He had to try to find the middle ground.

Malcolm’s Speech

I would say that Malcolm’s rationale for the creation of this organization is because he felt that the initial goal was starting to be lost because of the tactics that the previous group was trying use. Rather than fighting against each other, Malcolm wanted to make the Organization of Afro-American Unity to join all Africans together to fight against the prejudice. And rather than just sitting there passively, he wants to take action – fast and hard. One way of doing so is to learn to become more independent from whites, whether it is in the education aspect, increasing voters, and building their own community. Through building the community, one could essentially refine one’s culture, language, etc. It’s no longer following the “white” people’s rules, but being proud of being “black”.

My interpretation of the self-defense policy that Malcolm talks about is that it is okay to be violent. And instead of being a crime it would be called self-defense. This is all due to the fact that it is silly that they should stay there doing nothing and allowing the bullies to continue to bully them. Instead, according to the self-defense policy, when one is being bullied they have the right (second amendment to bear arms) to fight back to regain that freedom or right. And all this is possible through the law.

In this speech, education is such an important component because without education there is so much that can be hidden. By being educated one has more ability to stand up for what they believe in and have more of a say. It’s harder for others to look down on you if you are more educated or just as much as them. Thus, by changing the education for their children, they are essentially building up the next generation to fight against prejudice.

Geothermal Energy

Last week I mentioned about wind energy and its pros and cons. I mentioned that wind energy is renewable and doesn’t take up too much space if planned well but requires a large initial investment and can potentially affect animals. This week, I am going to focus on another form of green energy – geothermal energy. So what is geothermal energy? Well, if we split the word up into “geo” meaning earth and “thermal” meaning energy, we can see that it is the energy that is found underneath the Earth’s surface. This form of energy is not something new. In fact, in the past, geothermal energy in the form of heat was used to heat homes and baths. Some have even turned it into a business – hot springs resorts. However, the conversion of this energy into electricity is another thing in itself.

So where exactly does this energy come from? To put it generally, geothermal energy comes from three different sources: volcanoes, geysers, and hot springs. But more specifically, it is a little bit more complex. Underneath the earth is molten rock called magma. This is where the temperature is really, really hot. And around the depth of 10,000 meters, the temperature is hot enough to boil water. Thus, when water leaks into this area, it starts to boil and turns into steam. By building a network of geothermal heat pumps underneath the ground, we can capture the steam and force it upwards to the ground level. Once we have this steam, we can lead it to turn turbines and activate generators – and eventually generate electricity.

Let’s take a look at the advantages first. One of the more obvious benefits of geothermal energy is that is produces no pollution and is a renewable form of energy that is constantly providing energy 24/7. There will be no CO2 being spewed into the air and a geyser or hot spring area is not going to say “well, it’s already 2 am in the morning, I think I’m going to take a rest.” Seeing that we are now seeing a decline in fossil fuels and facing problems like global warming, these two factors are a big plus. In addition to being renewable, geothermal energy can be found around to world today. There will not be one country heavily depending on another. In fact, America has quite a few areas there geothermal energy is readily available – the western states, Hawaii, and Alaska. And according to the Geothermal Energy Association, in 2013, America had about “3,386 MW of installed geothermal capacity” (“Geothermal Basics Current Use”). In addition, as stated before, geothermal energy is not only used for electricity – in its heat form, it can be used to heat the home and baths. Therefore, we do not have to worry about things like burning fossil fuels to do so. And finally, investing in geothermal energy would mean more jobs for those who live around there – a benefit for those who are currently unemployed.

However, many of these benefits are overshadowed by problems/disadvantages. The first and most important disadvantage is that many of the areas that can provide geothermal energy are located in areas that have a high frequency of earthquakes and volcano activity. Thus, while there are lots of potential areas to gather geothermal energy, the possibility of placing either homes or factories under danger makes many think twice. Due to this high possibility of constant damage, many companies are unwilling to finance the building of geothermal heat pumps. Add that with the fact that initial investments are high and suddenly there are a lot less sponsors. In addition, solutions to this problem are rare because the transport of geothermal energy is difficult as well. There are few factors in this problem. First of all, transporting hot steam is really difficult. Secondly, there is a possibility of harmful gases being released along the way. Therefore, in order to use geothermal energy, you need to be in that same area. The last disadvantage is that while geothermal energy is renewable, it is still possible that the area can lose steam. How? If too much water is injected or if the temperature falls too sharply, it can affect the boiling of the water into steam.

 

Resources:

“Alternative Energy Sources – Solar, Wind, Geothermal, Biomass, Ocean and Other Energy Sources.” ConserveEnergyFuture. Conserve Energy Future, 20 Jan. 2013. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

“Geothermal Basics Current Use.” Geothermal Basics Current Use. Geothermal Energy Association, n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

Artwork at Work

For this week, I wanted to deviate from the normal definition of “artwork”. Since the last two blogs featured artwork that was just looked at for fun, I thought that perhaps I could show how artwork can be used for a more active purpose and the extent to which they might be or might not be useful. As you can see below, this time I am focusing on two different advertisements.

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Let me give you a brief introduction for the advertisement on the left. It is a National Geographic 3D crocodile ad that was posted at the bottom of an escalator in Brazil. The words on the top are translated to be: “Ready for an adventure through the Brazilian forests? Wild world with Richard Rasmussen.”

The advertisement on the right is a lot easier for us to understand – this was painted on the set of stairs and was advocating for the movement for more disability friendly buildings.

When I first saw these two advertisements, I must say that I was surprised. Unlike more advertisements I had seen before, these two certainly caught my eye. However, I would say that one is much more effective than the other in multiple ways.

For the National Geographic advertisement, I would say that the main function of the ad is to shock people and thus leave an impression on their mind. This part was very well done. By having the advertisement being 3D makes it stand out – who wouldn’t notice a really realistic looking crocodile at the bottom of the stairs? In fact, when I first saw it, I had thought that it was real. Having the crocodile poking out of the water as if it was about to launch itself at you certainly guarantees that the advertisement won’t be forgotten. However, there were a few things that could have hurt the advertisement’s purpose. First of all, I kind of feel that this scare is a little bit too much. Because it is at the bottom of the escalator, some people may be paying attention to what is at the bottom, especially if there happens to be people in front of them. The shock of being faced with a 3D picture of a dangerous creature could lead to them jerking back and possible stumbling/tripping. If this does happen, it would be hard to have a good impression. In addition, when reading the translation, it was hard to understand what the advertisement was about in one glance. Was it promoting the TV show? Was it promoting touring the Brazilian forests? Was it advertising the Rasmussen man himself? Overall, I would say that this advertisement was too eye catching and wasn’t as effective as it could have been.

On the other hand, I thought that the artwork of Mt. Everest was really effective in communicating the message. First of all, the purpose was clearly stated: building more disability-friendly areas. I thought that it was a brilliant idea to put the ad on the stairs – a place that posed a challenge for some. In addition, by having Mt. Everest looming so high up, even if it was someone that didn’t mind stairs, all of a sudden it seems a little harder.

Personally, I would say that sympathy would work more effectively than shock or fear in an advertisement. What would you say?

Pictures from: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/travel/article-2572059/The-National-Geographic-3D-crocodile-escalator-advert-Brazil-thats-TOO-realistic.html

Artist’s Drawing of an Artist

After last week’s famous “Starry Night” piece of artwork, I thought about focusing on a different type of art – one that is simple and easy to understand. After doing a little bit of research and browsing through quite a few good art websites, I decided on one of Pawel Kuczynski’s drawings. Unfortunately I couldn’t find out the title of this piece.

Screen Shot 2015-02-04 at 2.58.51 PMhttp://www.artfido.com/blog/paintings-that-will-make-you-question-everything-wrong-in-this-world/

And while I would really like to have given you a short biography on him, his webpage is in polish…so I am going to focus more on the drawing itself. But I’ll just leave you with one thing I do know about his artwork: they are meant to make you think a deeper and pay attention a little more to the world around you.

I would say that the thing that first captured my attention when I was scrolling through a pile of pictures was the contrasting colors. In the sea of brown stands a huge puddle of sky blue and hidden in the background is a pool of red. It made me wonder: why that choice? Looking at the scene being depicted, the brown does seem to fit in. A person is dead – nothing to be happy about. But that leads to the question about the blue and the red. Why does it seem like the dead man and his last moments seem to be the most interesting out of all there is to offer in the world? I think that there are many interpretations. One possible way to look at this is that Kuczynski is commenting about the life of the artist. It always seems that artist never really gets appreciated for anything he does until he’s dead. Suddenly, the prices increase sharply and everyone’s fighting over the last of his art. But what about the artist? Instead of getting that reward, he or she usually dies penniless. Another way of looking at this artwork focuses on the spilled paint itself. Looking closer, you can see that the blue paint is like the image of the sky. Perhaps Kuczynski was saying that unlike most of the men in suits, it is the artist that is able to appreciate the beauty of the world around them. Hence, the contrast between the paint and the dreary surroundings. Another, somewhat similar, interpretation is that Kuczynski was mourning over the loss of another artist. Must the artist die in the middle of the road to catch someone’s attention? Perhaps he was in the middle of painting the sky and fell. But rather than attention towards the artist who was trying so hard to bring something valuable in people’s lives, everyone is focusing on the spilled paint.

But of course, any of these ways of looking at this drawing can be what Kuczynski was aiming for. Hey, maybe all of them are correct in one way or another. What do you think this painting represents in relation to our modern day society today? Why is the background brown? Why is the artist seen in such clothing in comparison to everyone else? Why is everyone looking away from him? Why the sky?

“This I Believe” Podcast

 

I believe in closing my eyes. This, however, doesn’t mean closing my eyes and falling asleep. Closing my eyes, in this context, means staying awake but being blind to the world for a brief period of time. It’s hard to explain, but there’s something special about shutting your eyes in the midst of the day. Perhaps it’s how one of your five senses suddenly goes “offline” and your whole body must quickly readjust and enhance the remaining four senses. And for those five minutes or so, you can hear, smell, taste, and feel the world in a way that you have never experienced before. Suddenly, it feels like everything is going to work out.

I have been using this technique for years now – but it was only recently that I began to understand what made this brief period of time so attractive, so addictive, so necessary in my life. One of the most recent times was here in Penn State, on a fall afternoon. That morning, nothing seemed to be going as planned. I ended up sleeping through my alarm clock and waking up with only fifteen minutes to get dressed, eat, and sprint to class. It was only when I did arrive at the doors of an empty classroom in Chambers that I realized that I was in the wrong building. An appointment with an advisor took my entire lunchtime and I had no choice but go to class empty-handed and hungry. By 2 pm, I was exhausted and more than a little irritated. I had barely gone through half a day and I was already wishing the day could come to an end so I can start anew. And out of pure habit, I sat down on the bench outside my classroom and slowly closed my eyes…

Darkness clouded my vision. I was first greeted with silence, but as my ears adjusted to the surroundings, sounds came rushing in. The slight crunch of the autumn leaves that had long left the tall branches of the overhead trees, underneath passerby’s feet. An occasional rustle of – perhaps a squirrel or a rabbit – hustling to gather food before snow covered the ground. The mixture of different footsteps of people passing by…some heavy and slow, some light and quick. The swish of the backpack against an undergraduate’s jacket.

Then followed touch. The prickly – not yet numbing – feeling of my cheeks, eyelids, and forehead as the chilly November wind playfully blew on my vulnerable face, heralding the coming of winter. The remaining warmth underneath my winter coat, slowly seeping through the seams despite all attempts to keep it in. The ice-cold touch of the metal bench on my fingertips. The tingly feeling in my feet that were in boots half a size too small.

Next came smell, a subtle visitor, bringing with it the smell of food. A tangy smell, the kind that slipped into your nose and made you shiver a little on the inside – perhaps it was a take out from Panda Express. A gust of wind that cleared it away, followed by a floral scent that lingered a while before gently floating away, giving room for more surprises.

And finally, I took in a deep breath, taste. Cold, mind-clearing air that jolted my eyes open.

I was back in the colorful, ever hustling and bustling Penn State campus, sitting outside on a sunny autumn day. The events that had happened in the morning seemed so far away and so small and insignificant. I was reminded once again that life can be chaotic, but simplicities also existed. All I had to do was close my eyes.

Wind Energy

For a long time now, people have been interested in trying to find an alternative energy source. They aim for one that is both environmentally healthy as well as cheap and accessible. In today’s blog, I will be looking into one of these possible sources and its pros and cons: wind energy.

First off, what is wind energy? How does it work? Wind energy is captured through wind turbines, which look like giant, white pinwheels stuck on the ground. It consists of usually three large blades sitting on top of steel pole. When the wind blows on the blades, causing it to rotate, the internal shaft of the wind turbine starts to turn as well. Through a series of mechanisms, the spinning shaft causes the wind turbine’s generator to produce electricity. Overall, there are three major types of wind power: utility-scale wind, distributed wind, and offshore wind. The Difference between utility-scale wind and distributed wind is in the size of the turbines and the amount of electricity it can generate. Offshore wind energy comes from wind turbines that are set up in water rather than on land. With all these different ways to harness the wind, there is potential for wind turbines to become the next main energy source.

One of the biggest advantages for wind energy is that it is renewable. There is never going to be a shortage of wind unlike natural gas – a large advantage for those in the future. Additionally, there is a lot of potential in wind energy. In fact, according to the American Wind Energy Association, “the current estimate of wind energy potential is 10 times the amount of electricity consumption” for United States (1). In fact, there has been a growth in wind energy of “30% on average for the past five years [since 2013]” (B). Not only is there potential in wind energy, on the contrary of what most people believe wind turbines take up little space. The larger turbines can generate “enough electricity for 600 U.S. homes” (B). And as for the land necessary for these giant pinwheels, “a typical wind farm of 20 turbines might extend over an area of 1 square kilometer” (D) but only uses up 1% of that space. The rest can be used for farming and what not.

However, despite the large advantages and potential of wind energy, there are some problems that are preventing a large-scale use of wind turbines. One of the major concerns is that while wind energy is environmentally healthy and is renewable, it is not always available. The amount of wind in each region varies, meaning that the amount of energy each region receives also varies. In order to combat this problem, there needs to be a way to store some of the energy generated by the wind. Another problem that stands in the way is effect wind turbines on wildlife in the area. A study by Long CV, Flint JA, and Lepper PA, looked into bat mortality resulting from collisions with wind turbines. The scientists concluded that the bats’ echoes that bounced off the turbine’s moving blades either made it difficult to detect and/or “could render [the blades] attractive to bats” (C). Another problem is the aesthetics of the wind turbine. According to some, the wind turbines can be seen all over, but they just don’t seem attractive. If “a typical wind farm of 20 turbines might extend over an area of 1 square kilometer” (D), then they better look pleasing to the eye. And finally, the largest problem of all: who will fund the research and the wind farms? It takes about “10 kilowatts and $40,000 to $70,000 [a turbine] to become a net electricity producer” (B) – requiring a 10 to 20 year pre-investment. Against the odds of the natural gas and fossil fuel industries, it’ll be hard for those interested in wind energy to make an impact.

In conclusion, there are a large amount of pros and cons to wind energy, ranging from cost to space, from the effect of humans to the effect of wildlife. While it is still impossible to know what will become of this energy source, we can say for sure that wind turbines aren’t going away anytime soon.

 

Citations:

Maehlum, Mathias Aarre. “Wind Energy Pros and Cons – Energy Informative.” Energy Informative. ENERGY INFORMATIVE THE HOMEOWNER`S GUIDE TO SOLAR PANELS, 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 26 Jan. 2015.

Minderman, Jeroen et al. “Experimental Evidence for the Effect of Small Wind Turbine Proximity and Operation on Bird and Bat Activity.” Ed. Brock Fenton. PLoS ONE 7.7 (2012): e41177. PMC. Web. 28 Jan. 2015.

“Speakers Corner.” Speakers Corner. Wolds Wind Farm Opposition, n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2015.

“Wind 101: The Basics of Wind Energy.” Wind 101: The Basics of Wind Energy. American Wind Energy Association, 2013. Web. 27 Jan. 2015.

Starry Night

 

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http://legomenon.com/starry-night-meaning-of-vincent-van-gogh-painting.html

Painted in 1889 by Van Gogh, Starry Night was one of the first pieces of famous art that I came to know. I remember having to draw make a replica of this artwork with oil pastels in middle school for an art project and later on getting a puzzle set of this picture. However, with the many times I have come into contact with this piece of artwork, I have never really thought much about the meaning behind it all. Thus, I thought it was only appropriate to do a little bit of research.

First, a little about the artist himself. Van Gogh is known to be slightly on the crazy side. Everyone knows of the incident of him cutting off his ear after a fight. According to sources, Van Gogh was in a mental asylum when he painted this depiction of the landscape he saw through his window. Van Gogh was also known to be an Impressionist. For those that aren’t very familiar with this term, Impressionism was a movement in the field of art that was characterized with sketch-like features with bright colors. The brush strokes were in some ways unprofessional, and the paintings during this movement often the artist’s impression of everyday life.

As for the impressions left on the viewers, there has been a mixture of feelings and attempts to decipher Van Gogh’s masterpiece. Some say that the painting had a religious intent. They claim that the stars represented religion and the cypress tree as him, a shadow trying to reach for the stars. Others went on even further and noted the number of stars (eleven) as a symbol of Joseph’s eleven brothers from the Bible, who didn’t appreciate what Joseph had to offer – just like how Van Gogh’s Impressionism and actions got him placed in an asylum. While all these theories seem viable, it is impossible to really tell what Van Gogh was thinking at this time.

To me, however, this painting represents something different. When I first looked at the Starry Night, I was amazed at the strokes that Van Gogh used. While the piece looked slightly messy. Unlike what I was used to seeing, the brush strokes were broad and there wasn’t much small details. Buildings seemed like they were painted with four of five strokes, and the trees were just lumps in the distance. But at the same time, it was this lack of detail that made it so exciting and new to me. Rather than carefully mixing the colors, Van Gogh used the contrast of the different hues of blue to depict the wind, the sky, and the hills. Individual strokes seems to blend in with each other to make up something much more spectacular. Another thing that caught my attention was the tall, brownish-black mass that rose up to the sky in the far left side of the painting. I couldn’t tell at first what it was – all I knew was that it made me feel a little uncomfortable. It seemed so out of place in the picture and had no identifiable form. This form added to the mystery of the painting, and led me wonder what could be out there under the starry night.

 

 

Resources:

Samu, Margaret. “Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History.” Impressionism: Art and

Modernity. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2014. Web. 26 Jan. 2015.

 

Shabi, K. “Starry Night: Meaning of the Vincent Van Gogh Landscape Painting.”

Starry Night: Meaning of the Vincent Van Gogh Landscape Painting.

LegoMenon, 3 June 2013. Web. 28 Jan. 2015.

Decision on Passion Blog and Civic Issues Blog

First of all, I would like that thank everyone for inputing comments on my blog ideas. I have finally figured out what I want to write about this semester.

For my passion blog, I am going to take a look at one piece of art and basically talk about it. I haven’t really decided what I am going to be talking about for each of the pieces of art. I guess it would just depend on what I thought about when viewing or researching it. This way it makes each blog a lot more exciting to read! Possible information/comments I can post on there would be the time period or basic historical facts found on the internet, my initial thoughts, my thoughts after giving myself ample time to really dig a little deeper into the details, possible thoughts the author was thinking (through research or art critics), and possible inspiration obtained from the art.

For my civic issues blog, I have decided to focus on energy. After going through middle school and high school hearing about all the possible ways of obtaining energy in the distant future, I have decided to look into all different ways energy can be obtained. Possible blogs include but are not limited to: wind, sun, water, natural gas/coal, and electricity. If it happens that within the span of this semester I have looked into all possible energy obtaining resources, I plan to go in depth into each of the previous topics by using current events/inventions that are related to energy (buildings, cars, etc). Hopefully I’ll be an expert in this field by May! 🙂