Essay Outline

Since these artifacts differ so much in scale, context, and median, I will be using the block method.

Intro: simple background for both of the artifacts.

Thesis: The use of the trust and visual rhetoric lenses within both artifacts’ changes with the context and scale of their situations to better affect their audiences.

Body 1: How the article uses pathos to evoke fear and how it also uses logos to create patterns as evidence to back up their claims.

“In the face of an increasingly conservative federal judiciary, arguments against sex discrimination rooted in the 14th Amendment are under threat, and existing protections are vulnerable to being rolled back” (Bleiweis).

“The Constitution was written by and for white men with means, which reserved its principle of equal justice under law for the sole benefit of the authors and their privileged peers. This meant that women and people of color, among others, were openly regarded as less than full citizens and thus excluded from many legal protections because of their sex, race, and/or ethnicity” (Bleiweis)

Body 2: How the advertisement uses pathos for excitement and determination, as well as how it uses logos to create patterns to back up their claims.

“I believe that we will win.”

“We will be four-time champions and keep winning not only until we become the best female soccer team, but the best soccer team in the world.”

Body 3: Analyze why these choices were made and how it effects the delivery of their message. Possibly go into the visual similarities here as well but I might place them in the respective paragraph bodies if it makes more sense.

Conclusion: Re-state the thesis in a different way and review the overarching themes made by the comparison.

*As I’m doing this, I see the point method as well, we’ll see what I actually end up doing when I start to write the essay.

 

The Major Arcana: The Fool and The Magician

All journeys begin with the Fool, for it is the Fool’s journey.

When seen in a reading, the Fool will most likely represent the querent in the reading.

Like most of the Major Arcana, he can also represent a person in the querent’s life.

Figuring out who he is specific to the reading takes context; don’t be afraid to ask questions from the querent, especially if you don’t know them.

The Fool is one of my favorite cards.

He represents new adventures, the journey, and an innocent curiosity in the unknown.

He is ready to leap into new beginnings despite having no idea what lies ahead.

He is often seen as playful and unfinished: a fresh canvas, ready to be developed by what’s ahead.

In his reverse aspect, beware of recklessness and irresponsibility.

Sometimes a situation calls for jumping forward with no fear or anxiety, other times it is foolish, naïve, and can quickly lead to a train wreck.

Depending on the other cards in the spread, 

the Fool reversed could also mean that in order for the querent to get the card flipped to the positive, they need to let go of their anxieties about moving forward.

Is doubt clouding your vision? 

Don’t let fear control you.

This card works great with the success of The Magician and the travelling aspects of the Eight and Two of Wands.

Beware when this card appears with The Devil.

It warns of perceived carefree fun living, turning into addiction, mental illness, and self-destruction.

The Magician.

The Magician is a card of focus and success.

Like the Fool, the Magician is a card of beginnings,

but of beginnings in a project or a certain goal.

When paired with the Fool in a reading, especially with the Fool in the present position and the Magician in the future position,

expect a time period where your labor will come to fruition.

This card speaks of a time to channel the universe’s energies into obtaining your goal.

He is a card of the conscious action, of creativity and wishes.

He tells of a time where everything just falls into place.

In his reversed nature, you could be facing a roadblock to success.

Maybe you face a creative dry period,

or you are directing your efforts into something meaningless to your overall goal.

Personally, I asked if I would be playing field hockey in college, and the Magician reversed appeared.

Later I would realize that playing field hockey in college would prove incredibly detrimental to my academic career.

The stress would have been too much.

Especially when paired with the Chariot, and one of the cards is reversed, you might feel like you are succeeding and gaining all you desire,

but beware of the cost.

Artifact Comparison: The Equal Rights Amendment

The artifact that I will be comparing in my essay is the article “The Equal Rights Amendment: What You Need to Know” by Robin Bleiweis:

The Equal Rights Amendment: What You Need To Know – Center for American Progress

This article utilizes the trust lens with ethos, pathos, and logos as well as a little bit of the visual rhetoric lens.

The main differences between the two are of course the median (one is a short video and the other is an extensive online article).

But whereas the “Never Stop Winning” ad is focused on the issue of equal pay and discrimination based on sex in sports,

the Equal Rights Amendment is a Constitutional Amendment that would affect the entire nation.

These are very different scales and as a result the article’s use of pathos differs from the advertisement.

The advertisement is meant to be inspirational and gain support like a sports team would gain fans: through getting pumped up.

The article uses pathos in a more serious fashion.

Because the stakes are considered higher with the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), the main emotion utilized by the article is that of fear.

It lists out the possibilities for discrimination in law based on logos patterns that have upheld discrimination in the past.

This creates a mood of grim determination in the audience to want to support the passage of the amendment.

Some similarities between the article and the “Never Stop Winning” advertisement are their use of logos to establish patterns that support both of the messages.

They also both use powerful images meant to evoke pride and inspiration:

The article uses a striking image of RBG on the title page, and the advertisement uses images of equally strong women meant to inspire the same way the article does as well.

These similarities and differences are important to each of the audiences because the advertisement is coming from a place of triumph with more work ahead, whereas the article is fighting through illegitimacy.

The similarities show that both are fighting the same fight, but just that one is on a much bigger level then only equal pay in one field.

To Do a Reading

Alright, you have your cards, a basic understanding of their structure, and you want to do a reading.

Where to start?

You start with the querent.

The querent is the person you are reading: that could be yourself, or someone else.

From the querent, you will need a question.

This could be any question, but open-ended questions work best.

Try and stay away from “yes” or “no” questions.

The questions could be about the past, the present, or the future.

Anything that the querent wants to have insight into works.

Once you know the question, you can choose the spread.

Spreads give a place for cards.

That probably makes no sense to you but stay with me.

My go to spreads that are great for beginners are the three-card spread, and the five-card spread.

Each place represents something.

For example, in the three-card spread, the most common use of these cards is the left card represents the past, the middle represents the present, and the right represents the future.

So whichever card you pulled for that spot will embody something from that moment in time.

There are a number of different combinations for this spread, which is why I love to use it.

Sometimes I use it for relationships:

the left card being one person in the relationship, the middle being the other person, and the right card being our dynamic/compatibility.

Other examples include situation/action/outcome or maybe situation/obstacle/advice and I have also used what I want/what I need/what I will get.

As long as you have clear understanding of what the places mean, the reading will make sense.

Into the five-card spread.

This spread is more in depth— and more helpful– then the three-card spread.

The middle cards (one, two, three) are past, present, and future like in the three-card spread.

Four— the top card– is the potential for the situation.

I like to think about it as what could happen, specific to the question,

whereas the future position— which can become quite similar to the potential– is more of a general future.

The fifth card— on the bottom– is your motivation.

It’s the “why” card.

Why are you asking these questions?

How does that effect your choices outlined by the rest of the cards?

Okay, now that you know some simple spreads, you can get to actually choosing cards.

There is no right or wrong way to choose cards.

Some readers choose the cards themselves; others have the querent choose them.

Whatever method, these are the basics:

Shuffle the cards however you want, but really focus on the question and the placement of the card you are drawing.

Stop when you feel like you should, until a card falls out, or a card “wants” to be chosen.

Me personally, I like to shuffle with my eyes closed and then if a card gets stuck or falls out, I place it in the spread.

Do not look at the cards until the entire spread has been filled.

Then flip them face up one by one.

If a card is upside down, do NOT flip it right side up.

When a card is upside down, this is referred to as the card being reversed.

It often means that the card is now in the negative of what it originally meant.

I’ll get into this more when I go over individual cards, but it’s good to keep an eye out for the future.

Like everything else in tarot,

The reverse is treated differently by every reader.

These accounts are meant to get you started on reading the cards,

if something works better for you then what I suggest, great!

Who knows what the cards have in store for you.

Choosing a Deck

Just like how athletes use different brands of equipment within their sport, there are different types of tarot decks that are used based on the reader’s preference.

What kind of deck you choose is important but selecting a deck can be overwhelming for newcomers.

The first pitfall that usually trips new readers up is the difference between oracle cards and tarot cards.

Oracle cards, unlike tarot cards, don’t follow the structure previously discussed in my last post; all the cards in an oracle deck could be considered Major Arcana cards because they are all considered equal (unless deck indicates otherwise).

Another distinction between the two is that oracle cards often have a theme they are tied to.

For example, I have a set of oracle cards that are tied to Yule, so I use them closer to the Winter Solstice.

I have a friend that uses oracle cards that are representative of the forest.

All of the illustrations/cards have woodland creatures on them; the representations are related to said creatures.

The reason I am going over this is because the techniques taught for the Tarot can also be applied to oracle cards if those call more to you.

Don’t get me wrong, it won’t be copy-paste, but there are still things here for you if you would choose the path of the Oracle.

When choosing whatever type of cards, either tarot or oracle, intuition and connection are key.

Don’t just pick out the first ones you see.

Look for something that catches your eye.

It could be the illustration on the cards themselves (personally that was how I chose mine), it could be the size, the lettering, anything at all.

Once you have decided, you’ll want to “bond” with the cards.

Think of your deck as an actual entity.

Keep them close while you work throughout your day and also when you sleep; it will tune them to your conscious and unconscious energies.

Bonding with your deck is like getting to know a new person: a bit awkward and silly at first, but really helpful in the end.

A little cynical, or don’t believe in the spiritual aspect of the Tarot?

They’re just cards!

Still keep them with you, get comfortable with them in your hands. The more comfortable you are, the better the reading.

Maybe once you’ve gotten to know each other, pull a card and try to figure out what it might mean.

Then, of course, read what it actually means. You might surprise yourself.

That is the other part of tarot and oracle decks.

Most of the decks sold have a little booklet that gives the description of each card (definitions might vary slightly from deck to deck but not greatly) as well as general information about the deck.

That being said, I’m trying to figure out how best to share my knowledge with you, the readers.

Would you prefer it if I go through each card or groupings of cards in each post,

or should I touch more on the general dos and don’ts of reading the cards that might not be in the common pamphlets?

Let me know in the comments which one you’d prefer; I’ll tailor my posts accordingly, so you all get the most out of this experience.

Also, if you need a clarification or have a question about one of our topics, feel free to comment those as well.

I’m super excited to read what you guys think!

RCL: Intro and Argument 1

Key: Italics are delivery notes to myself, while anything written normally are actually a part of my speech. Also, I changed my first lens from rhetorical situation to visual criticism lol. So now my lenses are visual criticism and the trust lens.

Intro:

A. I believe that we will win!

For this to be a good attention getter I need to be loud.

How does that phrase make you feel? What memories are tied to these words.

Feelings of triumph, of pride, inspiration. These are all things that any athlete, or even any spectator, can relate to.

B. When you hear that chant, no one stops to ask, “men’s or women’s?”

So why is that such a distinction in today’s athletics? Pause. 

In 2019, the National Women’s Soccer Team released an ad titled “Never Stop Winning,” utilizing the “I believe that we will win” chant to address this exact (emphasize this word) issue within their everyday experiences as a successful female team.

C. The “Never Stop Winning” ad aims to provoke questions of equality within sports and the everyday work force for women.

D. In the rest of my speech, our main focus will be on how the equal pay gap was addressed on and off field as well as how the ad calls for opportunities to be given to girls and (emphasize) boys through equality.

 

Claim 1: the women’s soccer team uses their continuous pattern of success to reason that men’s and women’s sports should not be spoken about unequally.

  1. the narrator of the video lists off a continuous line of accomplishments that she then ends with “we will keep winning until we not only become just the best female soccer team, but the best soccer team in the world.”
  2. Notice how she drops the “female” in best team in the world. Women’s accomplishments in sports are always stated with their sex. “Best female soccer player, first female basketball player to score so many shots” and so on, however (pause). Many of men’s accomplishments are labeled just greatest player of all time. There is never a distinction with male players, as if they are the baseline, the standard. Highlighting that type of language after listing all the soccer team’s accomplishments truly makes the audience feel how absurd it is that only one side of the sports world is supposed to designate their sex when showing their accomplishments, and how it diminishes women’s success compared to men’s.

My Artifact

My artifact is the “Never Stop Winning” ad Nike released after the Women’s National Soccer Team won their fourth World Cup in 2019.

The lenses that best fit the video are Rhetorical Situation and Trust lens. Click here to see for yourself.

In terms of Rhetorical Situation, their exigence was the fact that executives claimed “lack of revenue” as an excuse for denying the women’s team equal pay as the men’s team,

but during this time period, their jersey revenues were skyrocketing with girls and boys buying their merchandise.

They exhibited Kairos by taking advantage of their relevancy in the sports world and using their platform to speak up for equality.

But the most important part of the ad was in the delivery of the message.

The advertisement acknowledges the atmosphere of the audience and looks to capitalize on the inspiration in a way that directs the emotions to cheering for equality as well.

The demand is depicted as hopeful yet strong. It builds with the repetition of the chant as well as the list of accomplishments and future accomplishments of women and girls.

They highlighted the constraint of being talked about infrequently and used it as another call for change while also outlining all the reason they shouldn’t be forgotten about in between the four years of the World Cup.

As for the Trust lens of the advertisement, the video creates logos by listing all the accomplishments of the women and how it relates to their wants for the future.

With the repetition of each pattern of success, the intensity of the speech picks up, effecting the audience’s pathos in making them feel empowered.

Finally, the want for these outcomes of equality spotlights the team’s character in wanting change for the benefit of everyone. Thus, satisfying ethos.

Intro To Tarot

Hello all!

Welcome to anything and everything Tarot!

Whether you have heard of the intuitive art of reading the cards or not, this blog will provide something for everyone.

From what certain cards could foretell, to different spreads or manifestations to use when asking questions for the future.

Don’t think the Tarot has any meaning to you? Stick around and keep an open mind.

You might learn something about positive affirmations that can put you in the right headspace to achieve your goals…

or you might discover a hidden aptitude for reading the future! Only time will tell…

First things first, the structure of the Tarot.

The Tarot, or the Fools journey, divides into two main groups: the Major Arcana and the Minor Arcana.

The Minor Arcana consists of four suits similar to that of playing cards. The first being Cup cards, then Wands, Swords, and finally Pentacles.

Each of these suits starts with an Ace and then moves through the numbers up to ten. For example: the Ace of Cups, Two of Cups, Three of Cups, etc.

The “face cards” of the suits personify into a number of different ways depending on the deck. Most decks use Page, Knight, Queen, King, in addition to others using Daughter, Son, Mother, Father. For example, the Knight of Pentacles, the Mother of Wands, etc.

The face cards of a suit exhibit additional significance, but we’ll get into that later.

The other group of the Tarot, named the Major Arcana, arouse more of a challenge for new readers.

Unlike the Minor Arcana, they disincline to follow any kind of suit grouping.

Each Major Arcana card stands alone and is considered more powerful/significant than the Minor Arcana cards.

Whenever these cards show up in a reading, more likely than not the reading revolves around them. Twenty-two Major Arcana cards exist:

The Fool, The Magician, The High Priestess, The Empress, The Emperor, The Hierophant, The Lovers, The Chariot, Strength, The Hermit, Wheel of Fortune, Justice, The Hanged Man, Death, Temperance, The Devil, The Tower, The Star, The Moon, The Sun, Judgment, and The World.

STOP!

I know what you’re thinking.

After reading all those names, try not to form opinions on cards based on pre-conceived interpretations either from religion or pop culture.

The most important part of reading the cards relies on letting go of personal bias, whether you are doing a reading for yourself or for another. No card only denotes bad or good fortune, and thinking in black and white severely influences your readings.

The Tarot is a tool that should be respected as a piece of history that can create a deeper understanding of oneself and the universe around us.

It is not an invocation or a way to commune with evil.

It’s a way to ask introspective questions and find guidance through the physiological tells of a person.

It can be healing; it can be exciting.

It can be beautiful.

Rhetorical Situation Ad

As a class we have been using women in sports as an example for rhetorical criticism a lot. As a result, when having to identify a rhetorical situation being addressed in an advertisement, I immediately went to the U.S. Women’s National Soccer Team.

After winning their fourth World Cup title in 2019, Nike released an ad titled “Never Stop Winning” celebrating the team’s incredible accomplishments, as well as addressing some deep-rooted problems within the soccer establishment.

Click here to go ahead and give it a watch.

The team recognized the rhetorical situation in that they were gaining fame that rivaled the men’s team but were still being paid significantly less. Their exigence was the fact that their jersey revenues were skyrocketing with girls and boys buying their merchandise and tuning in to watch the women’s team play.

Executives had always claimed “lack of revenue” as the main excuse for denying the women’s team equal pay in the past. With that excuse completely shattered, the team took the opportunity to use their platform.

They exhibited Kairos by taking advantage of their relevancy in the sports world, something that is hard to achieve as a women’s team because of the biases in the sports community, specifically the soccer community.

But the most important part of the ad was in the delivery of the message. All of America was hyped up for the WNST to continue to win. The advertisement acknowledges the atmosphere of the audience and looks to capitalize on the inspiration in a way that directs the emotions to cheering for equality as well. The demand is depicted as hopeful yet strong. It builds with the repetition of the chant as well as the list of accomplishments and future accomplishments of women and girls.

They highlighted the constraint of being talked about infrequently and used it as another call for change while also outlining all the reason they shouldn’t be forgotten about in between the four years of the World Cup.

And it worked. Not only did they get equal pay after a court settlement, but I also remembered the ad after four years. And there were Covid years in there too.

One thing is for sure, the Women’s National Team certainly made an impact with their rhetorical situation no one will be forgetting anytime soon.