Falling Bridges and the Author’s Reflection

One of the most extraordinary features of my mind is that I can remember anything in detail from my early days. I can remember riding on Thomas the Tank Engine at the age of 21 months, but I can also vividly remember watching the desolation left by the 2004 tsunami on television with my grandfather, who saw many of his memories washed away by the wave. I can remember going on amazing road trips all around the country’s infrastructure in my toddler years, but I also remember this.

Credit: Pioneer Press, twincities.com 

Even though I was not at the site, my five-year-old self watched in horror as our television displayed the aftermath of a major interstate bridge collapse in Minneapolis. This catastrophic failure in the bridge’s structure claimed the lives of thirteen people and injured over a hundred.

To this day, I usually think of those people whenever I cross over a highway bridge. This event showed me the effects of neglect in the world. I felt that this would be a disaster that occurred once, but there are far too many structures in this country that could meet a similar fate.

Credit: Wikimedia
Credit: Wikimedia

This is the Delaware River Turnpike Toll Bridge, and it provides a vital link between the states of Pennsylvania and New Jersey. I have crossed over it many times to reach New York, and some of my classmates in high school travelled on it every day. Their commute times increased exponentially when a structural failure closed the bridge for several months in the winter of 2017.

Credit: The Morning Call

Upon further examination, a completely fractured I-Beam support can be observed in this photo of the bridge’s approach structure. It was calculated that this break caused the approach of the bridge to sag one inch below its original height. This may not seem like a significant amount, but this was truly an averted crisis. The country could have lost one of its most important bridges and several lives with it. Emergency supports were immediately put into place to correct the integrity of the bridge, and the structure was immediately closed to road traffic. Repairs took several months and road traffic was significantly inconvenienced by this failure. It was reported that the failure was most likely caused by a stress fracture brought about from an improper I-Beam weld repair from the bridge’s construction in the 1950s. Although no lives were lost, and the bridge is now operating normally, this situation serves as a worrying reminder of the condition of many American bridges.

The American Society of Civil Engineers gives American bridges an overall condition grading of C.

The ASCE also reports that 7.5 percent of the country’s bridges can be classified as structurally deficient, and 178 million trips are made by Americans across these hazards daily. This seems like an accident waiting to happen, but most people continue to ignore this growing issue. Even when collapses occur like the 2007 Minneapolis Bridge failure, no adequate solution is provided for this problem.

Even the most iconic structures in our country fall victim to age and the elements.

Credit: ABC7 San Francisco

As beautiful as the Golden Gate Bridge may be, its location makes it the victim of salt corrosion. In 1968, the bridge faced a major corrosion problem, and a twenty-seven year long program was adopted to repaint the bridge.

The major issue that bridges present is the expense of repairs. Additionally, these repairs take extensive amounts of time to carry out and often cause major detours for Americans on the roads.

However, if these repairs are not done now, the country’s roads will be a much more dangerous place in the future.

A Review of the Semester

I felt that I gained a deeper understanding of the nation’s infrastructure network through writing these blogs. I realize that most of my blogs were written about railroads, but they were still informative nevertheless. My work on this blog also put me in a good position to research the topics related to my issue brief and advocacy project. I have become a more informed citizen because of my work, and I hope that I have been able to enlighten you too.

The Timeline that Almost Never Happened

Whenever I need a hat for blocking out the sun or my bad hair days, I can always rely on my Prep Crew baseball hat. Not only is it one of the few hats that can comfortably stretch over my enormous head, but it also serves as a lesson for me to keep my mind open. That hat reminds me of my initial path through high school

I could have been winning Stotesbury on the Schuylkill instead of building sets. As a high school freshman, I was fully invested in my school’s renown rowing program. We practiced every day after school, and most days were either spent on the river or running sprints up and down the Philadelphia Art Museum Steps for hours.

I can’t watch Rocky movies anymore because of the exhaustion those steps brought me, but even with this overworking, I was still fueled by one promising end product of the program. Prep Crew Seniors always won their regattas and got recruited by the Ivy Leagues.

I wished so much for this to be my destiny, but after winter workouts, I realized that I would never find fulfillment in endlessly grinding on ergs and doing solely rowing related activities to get into an elite university. I dropped from the roster and I worked to create a new path for myself.

I would not have imagined myself being in my current position four years ago, but was the path to the present worth it?

Even though all of my friends from crew went to Yale, Penn, and Princeton, I never looked back. I made sure to fully reap the benefits of my new path, and I can now say that I achieved this goal. If you learned anything from this blog, it is that I have built things and pushed through ordeals that seemed impossible. The demands were as high or even more than those rowing presented, but I had more fun than I ever would have being yelled at by my coxswain on a fifteen-mile run during practice.

I made more friends and built more relationships than I could have ever imagined. We all worked as a fine-oiled machine and we had a genuinely fun time with each other.

Looking at these memories of stage crew and light managing now makes them seem like they were all part of a dream. They are so far, yet so close to my heart. I miss the program tremendously, and I have no regrets.

I could have been typing this blog from a dorm in Harvard Yard if my situation played out differently, but I cannot imagine the person I would be if that were the case. Sometimes the most rewarding experiences reveal themselves in the most surprising ways.

With these thoughts, it is time to close the curtain on this passion blog series. I hope you have had as much fun reading them as I had writing them.

Hell Week

Sometimes the hardest of times bring about the best of memories. This was especially true for the tech and production weeks during show productions. After the set was completed, the cast was moved onto stage, and the main planning of the show began.

I took up my position at the light board on the director’s table, and the grind started.

Tech for a show is one of the most tedious processes I have ever experienced. The directors, tech crew, and cast start the show from page one and move through the entirety of the run over a week, as each scene change, prop transfer, lighting and sound cue, and line is crafted and optimized.  It is a slow, yet efficient method, as each component of the show is thoroughly tested to create the best results. Some parts of the show are ruthlessly slimmed down, while supplements are added to other portions. It is important to remain concentrated, as you never know what can be changed.

As boring as tech may be at some points, it is still one of my favorite parts of show production. At my position in the rear of the theater with the director’s, comic relief and junk food remains a high priority through the daily four-hour-long rehearsals. Swedish Fish and Twizzlers became an integral part of my diet during those rehearsals, and the excess sugar led to animated conversations between the tech crews and the directors. Points of interest included perfectly-timed one-liners about screw ups during tech, gossip about the school administration, and  the 1980s. It was a time of good feelings before hell week.

The Sunday before opening night, I would move the board back up to the light booth and entrench with the crew for the long days ahead. The five days before opening night on Friday would consist of seven-hour-long rehearsals every day, where full dress rehearsals of the show were tested under authentic conditions.

Our vigilance during tech was put to the test, as each scene was run at a normal pace without stops. The heaviest burden was placed on the actors, but the lighting and run crews needed to ensure that they were provided with the best conditions to become comfortable for the run.

Rehearsals would end at 11 pm and everyone rushed to get home as soon as possible for some precious sleep. It usually took me an average of forty to fifty minutes to drive from my school to my home. My record at this late hour was a breathtaking 19 minutes. I may have gone slightly over the speed limit, but I needed to get rest before showtime.

Tech and production weeks are important aspects of a show for two reasons: the physical and mental preparation. The show is carefully orchestrated at this point, and the entire team takes up the demanding showtime mindset. They may have been ridiculous to live through, but the strengthened focus and perseverance that I gained from them are invaluable qualities.

Side Hustles

Stage crew may have been a very demanding job during shows builds and during productions, but there were also long periods of time were little to now work was required. During the winter and summer months, no sets are requested by the program, so stage crew members go into the offseason, grinding through resources kept from the previous show.

The amount of lumber our program purchases for shows is astounding, and even though we reuse most of our supplies, the remainder of the stockpile is left with an uncertain fate. The climate control in our antiquated theater is effectively nonexistent. This means that most wood products will severely warp due to temperature changes, if they are stored backstage for long periods of time. Why waste a forest when you can give it to a group of teenagers to use?

I realized the full potential of this surplus during my senior year, and I ended up using it for several projects for school and personal use.

I was enrolled in AP Physics C my senior year, which had a project-based lab component. Each academic quarter had a new build, ranging from bridges to a radio. Using my construction savvy and excess materials, I was able to craft some memorable products.

The bridge

Saw work on a small scale is incredibly difficult, and the bridge project only reinforced this point. Our first lab was the iconic bridge breaking scenario, where our groups needed to achieve the highest payload to bridge weight ratio as possible. This required me to cut a span with several jigsaw cutters, while ensuring that the powerful tool did not shred my thin span to splinters. Thankfully, I had been working with the jigsaw for several years, so I was able to safely cut a span that satisfied the weight limit.

The Guitar:

This one was my favorite project

Our second lab assignment required the class to form bands with fully-functional instruments. I have played the guitar for over a decade, so I felt that it would be fun for me to make my own guitar.

I immediately raided the stage crew surplus and put together the basic structure using 1x4s and lauan plywood. I sanded the neck from a regular 2×4 and then used wood stain to give the instrument a traditional livery.

This strings were incredibly difficult to mount and properly tune, but I eventually had a working instrument in the workshop. It may not stay in tune for extended periods of time, but there is no doubt that it can still play lovely music.

It is wonderful that our wood, which was slated for the dumpster, could be repurposed into our side projects. It made stage crew into a year-long hobby.

The Bulbs They Are A-Changin’

How memorable were the technical aspects of show tech production? So much so that I can create a blog solely based on replacing lightbulbs.

Changing lightbulbs as a lighting manager is not as simple as finding a chair and screwing out blown lights. It is not a job for those with fears of height. To change the majority of the bulbs in the theater, you need to climb a dinky ladder 20 feet into the air and maintain balance while you take off the whole light housing to replace bulbs. Additionally, this process is complicated by the fact that you cannot touch the glass housings of the new bulbs while you are installing them. The lights used in the theater are high-power halogen bulbs, and the oils present on your hands cause the glass to warp and the bulbs to fail prematurely. The best way to ensure that your hands do not damage the glass is to use bulky work gloves while replacing bulbs. Also remember to unplug the lights from the power coupling before replacement, or you will risk the chance of electrocution. No pressure.

Climbing up a ladder to the stratosphere in bulky work gloves seems like a stressful job already. What could possibly make it worse?

During my school’s production of The Murder at Ramsbottom Manor, the theater had a major light outage. Considering that the lighting system is over twenty years old, mass bulb blowouts are bound to happen, so we keep a lot of replacement parts on standby. We faced the possibility of putting on as show with little to no lights on the stage, so we needed to replace the bulbs before the theater opened to general audience members.

However, there was an issue. The ladder that we usually used to change bulbs was at the boathouse (revenge against me for dropping crew, I presume), and we needed to tear apart the school to find a suitable replacement.

This is the replacement system we developed: (Don’t  try  this  at  home)

The only ladder tall enough to reach the faulty bulbs was too wide to fit in the gap present between the light boom and the brick wall. So we got Members of the usher staff to hold the ladder steady for the person brave enough to climb and switch out bulbs. Additionally, I was not able to reach the light housings in this setup, so I quickly trained the tallest member of the usher staff on how to change bulbs and sent him up instead.

I’ll say that no Prep students were harmed in the production of these images. The usher changed all of the bulbs without injury, and we got the ladder out of the theater twenty minutes before it was scheduled to open. In retrospect, this seems a little bit dangerous, but the story has made a good blog post. Mission accomplished!

Issue Brief: Amtrak’s Ailments

For people who live in the Northeast United States, there are three notorious means of transport in the region: the New Jersey Turnpike, Deer-laden I-80, and Amtrak. Amtrak may have the worst reputation out of these major travel arteries, as it is seen as a less glamourous for of transport, which is plagued by delays. The service looks even more pathetic when it is compared to rail networks abroad in countries such as France, Germany, and Japan. Amtrak station can be described as shacks, the service on board can be worse than some budget airlines, and the pricing for tickets can make some trips seem impractical. In a country fueled by innovation, why has the government and public seem like the train has left the station (pun intended)?

In order to understand the present shortcoming of Amtrak, and intervene on the companies behalf, I will demonstrate why the services provided by Amtrak are an essential component of America’s transportation system. There is an additional sense of urgency to this message, as the COVID-19 pandemic has put an additional burden on mass transit across the nation, from which it will have a difficult time recovering. These grave times can be visualized as the appropriate exigence and situation to bring policy in to promote investment and regained trust in the industry.

In order to fully understand the present condition of Amtrak and providing proper solutions for its issues, I plan on drawing on some of the historical events that generated problems for the company.

Since its inception in the early 1970s under the Nixon administration, Amtrak has been plagued by issues and mismanagement. Out of the several defined causes presented in class I would have to define the primary cause of Amtrak’s downturns as inadvertent. Many people have tried to solve Amtrak’s problems during the past fifty years, but the company’s conflicts can be seen as a hydra-headed monster. When one problem is supposedly resolved, two more come up to take its place. Amtrak, and its associated services are often the victim of shortsighted research and development, equipment design issues, and infrastructure limitations. Additionally, when these problems arise, they are often the subject of intense media attention, which breeds public scrutiny of Amtrak.

What is the appropriate policy to use for such a volatile corporation? In my brief, I plan to approach the issue with policy revolving around Inducements and system changes.

Inducements are a primary driving force behind some industries in the United States at the present moment. For example, customers usually get deductions on pricing for electric cars sold in the country. If this program applies to cars, it could possibly be applied to Amtrak for a commuter model. Companies that encourage mass transit commutes to city centers could be the recipients of cash breaks, and the commuters themselves could also reap the benefits.

System changes will probably be the largest of these two approaches. Amtrak is ultimately limited by the infrastructure on which it operates. Infrastructure updates with increased budget figures, which can be supplemented by new running equipment, could make Amtrak a source of American innovation.

After further research, I will be able to develop a well rounded approach to this government corporations weaknesses.

Boyz n the Booth

What are the benefits of being appointed Light Manager during Sophomore Year and Tech Director Senior Year? You get access to the keys. These are not keys to the high school Ferrari or food storage. No, they access something much better.

Throughout the entirety of my senior year, I had a private penthouse located within the busy corridors of my school. I used the theater’s light booth on the second floor as my study space, locker, and bedroom during school and before show productions (I never skipped class).

   The booth is a beloved landmark in the theater program, and I had the privilege of occupying it longer than any light manager in the program’s history. It is a hallowed space, yet it is still shrouded in mystery. Very few photos of the cavernous interior exist, so the few circulated in this blog are a rare sight. This is due to the strict code that the light manager and his fellow lighting operatives uphold in regards to the booth.
The first rule of light booth is: You do not talk about light booth

The booth is a peaceful place isolated from the chaos of high school life, and its environment should be preserved.

Besides this, the place is pretty much a free for all.

The events I lived through in the booth probably deserve a blog series of their own, but this will be a quick look into the aspects of the chamber that made it such a wonderful home during shows and classes.

  1. The views:

This is the only photo of the booth in operation during an actual production run (It was a dress rehearsal hence the mostly empty seats). The view was captured by an actor through a small screw hole in the rear wall of the All the Answers set. The booth’s two spotlights and the sound manager’s window are clearly present, and I am probably blocking light out from the light manager’s window on the left side. As you can imagine, the booth is positioned in an excellent location to watch shows and observe the reactions of audience members.

One of the best parts of being in the booth during a production is that you are basically a member of the audience, and you don’t need to pay for the best seats in the house.

2. The amenities:

For downtime, the booth came equipped with a comfortable sofa and two lounge chairs, several frisbees for outdoor play, a jacuzzi, and sleeping bags for rests. (The jacuzzi is a well hidden gem. Even I don’t know where it is in there.) Either crash on the sofa or crawl into a sleeping bag in the booth’s secret second room, and I guarantee that you will get some of the best sleep of your lifetime.

3. The Boyz n the Booth: (They’re quite the comedians)

Whenever you ask students about their favorite part of their school, they are bound to default to “the people”. This stereotypical response is also my favorite aspect of the booth. During every production, there are five Prep students assigned to the booth, and every group I have been with has been memorable. Not only are they competent during shows, but they also love to fool around during downtime. They make the booth the legendary shrine it has become.

My time as King of the Booth was a wonderful, simpler age, and hopefully the dynasty of the boys in the booth will last much longer than me. My name is preserved on the wall of the booth, and its annex upstairs, so I will be a ever present part of its history.

Yes, the booth has an annex, The Catwalk, on the third floor that is even more mysterious. It is the Holy of Holies for the lighting crew, and I am forever bound to preserving its secrets. Enjoy dreaming about what you think it holds.

Deliberation Reflection

The objective of any deliberation is to conduct a well-mannered discussion on a pressing issue and to find personal beliefs and connections on and with the topic through constructing possible solutions with the group. This discussion, even though many of its themes may be initially controlled by the moderators, still has a quality of spontaneity to it. Unique viewpoints and solutions can be brought forward by any participant and how the audience and moderators react to these realizations further shape the progression of the discussion.

I believe that my group’s deliberation required spontaneity from the moderators to bring forward additional statements for the discussion. Once our moderators began to utilize this practice, the discussion became deeper and applicable to other topics related to facial recognition technologies. I believe that this technique reinforced our deliberation’s ability to ensure mutual comprehension and consider other ideas and experiences. Through asking participants to clarify their points on facial recognition technologies and then apply them to other fields of the tech industry, both parties were able to garner a detailed understanding of the group’s beliefs on facial recognition and technology as a whole. Although the moderators in our group felt that generational differences surrounding opinions on technology and privacy may not have been addressed through our deliberation, I felt that our conversation with our peers still brought about a consensus on key values and stakes present at the center of the facial recognition controversies, while also properly weighing pros and cons. In retrospect, it seemed that the participants had an overwhelming support for the benefits of facial recognition systems, compared to the topic of compromised privacy. I would have liked to see more discussion in support of privacy concerns, but I still commend the audience for agreeing on its prevalence to our topic. Privacy was not wholly neglected during our discussion, but it definitely was upstaged by the modern trait of convenience.   I think that the discussion could have been lengthened and enriched if more dissents on this topic were put forward by the audience.

Even with these present shortcomings, I felt that our group moderated the deliberation in an appropriate manner. We provided the audience with a strong foundation with our issue introductions and issue guide. During the discussion, we upheld the moderators’ primary duty of respect towards participants, while also allocating enough time for people with demonstrated interest to speak. Several members of the audience primarily carried the discussion during some parts of the deliberation, but we were still able to get constructive anecdotes from other members of the audience throughout the deliberation.

If I were a repeat this deliberation, I would make several changes to our approach. I would ask the audience to further consider the issues surrounding privacy and the increasing presence of technology in our lives. As several people stated in our deliberation, there is a widely held belief amongst younger generations that the internet and the technology industry inevitably have access to any user’s personal information. While this claim may be true, it does not make it right. I felt that our deliberation put forward viable solutions to address facial recognition concerns, but they may not have been the best for preserving autonomy in an age of digital uniformity.

“Here comes a fake brick to cry you to bed, and here comes a chopper to chop off your head!”

I will now share one of my many interesting, but useless skills with you: I am a master bricklayer. This may seem like an applicable trait, but I could not tell you a thing about laying actual bricks. No, my expertise comes with a trade that is even harder to master and more torturous than placing individual bricks by hand. The title of this post, taken from 1984 and a famous English nursery rhyme, only captures some of the misery associated with my work.

I could build a skyscraper entirely out of fake plastic bricks using my experience from high school. These convincing plastic sheets formed the backbone of many of my stage crew program’s sets, and my work experiences with them would be some of the most painful, yet memorable times I had as a stage crew builder.

The easiest way to think of the brick is from the perspective of a puzzle. Each rectangular sheet has indents that the next identical piece can slide into,  and sheets can easily be stacked on top of one another to build fake walls.

The problems with bricks begin when these sheets either need to be reshaped or mounted to surfaces.

This is how you reshape plastic brick sheets. The brick men use the program’s beloved table saw to cut down portions of the sheets for specific mounting points. This may seem like an uneventful process, but to increase your understanding of construction tools, I will now give a tutorial on one of the most dangerous saws in the shop.

Rules of the table saw:

  1. Don’t wear ties or lanyard while operating the table saw. The contraption can easily turn into a guillotine if the neckwear becomes trapped in the spinning blade.
  2. Wear eye protection: when a rogue piece of wood or plastic brick is blasted at your goggles like a bullet and blocked from your eyes by this thin sheet of defense, you will thank me.
  3. Wear ear protection: I am surprised that I was not deaf after using that thing without earplugs.

As romantic as the brick may seem from the audience, shaping it with a medieval torture device is far from this feeling. After long cut sessions, I would be covered in molten plastic shards that were thrown all over my face and clothes by the saw.

As I stated before, this was a sign of things to come.

Once each brick sheet was properly sized, they needed to be leveled with extreme precision while they were screwed into the frame. If the angle was slightly off, the wall would look crooked and the crew would have issues mounting additional sheets to the wall. I was a tedious process that I always happened to be assigned after cut duty.

I cannot put into words how much I hate working with fake brick. However, through these painful moments, I learned many lessons that would assist me throughout my time in stage crew and life as a whole.

  1. Precision and Patience are strong virtues in any form of work.
  2. Nothing is as bad as moving your hands inches away from a spinning blade and facing the possibility of becoming an amputee or headless.

Tiles and Tribulations

It was the final week of our Fall build and only a few projects were left to complete for our All the Answers set. As I stated in a previous show, this was a production that was plagued by issues, and this story will be no exception. This is the story of how a simple task exploded into an overtime endeavor. How hard can it be to paint a series of squares on the ground?

I felt the need to go above and beyond on this set, as it was my first one as tech director. Unfortunately, we got the plans for the set later than expected, so we had to modify some designs. However, to compensate for these changes, the crew and I decided to paint the front of the stage and the floor in a tile motif similar to the plans, which was never officially designated as a set requirement.

We made sure that the main walls were in place before we started the floor, so we didn’t scratch up our paint job. Once the walls were anchored, we got out the painters tape and began working.

The entire floor and front of the stage was covered in a grid of painters tape, where each tape line was measured to ensure that each tile was a square. The hardest part was ensuring the orientation of each tape line would for tiles that were aligned at the proper angle. It would look awkward if the tiles were slanted at an angle compared to the rest of the set.

This process took us up to the last days before the set deadline. All of the squares were painted in the alternating grey and black scheme, but we had run out of painters tape to properly prepare for the white lines that would run between the tiles. As the deadline was hours away, I made a big mistake as the head of stage crew: I told my painters to eye the paint lines. Once the lines dried, we would go over the tiles with clear coat spray paint to ensure that the tiles would not show scuffs.

The day of the deadline, the line painters were working like madmen and the clearcoat painters were following close behind them.

If you haven’t worked with spray-paint before, I must tell you that they eject a copious amount of fumes as they are used. We had six different men spray painting clear coat onto the entire stage, so I should have expected the next nightmare to follow.

The air in the theater became saturated with a flammable, psychedelic fog. It grew at least five times more dense than the photo above, and after members of my crew got high on the clearcoat fumes, even when they were wearing masks, I decided to call it a day (I kid you not).

The main victims of the psychedelic fog were the line painters, who became a little bit sloppy and crooked with their work. This rush job had actually forced us to start over the entire process.

We needed to purchase the entire painter’s tape inventory in Philadelphia to redo this project. I had the crew working overtime and even brought in family members and friends to get this floor done right.

After a week’s work, it was done. We had learned our lesson: we took our time on the second approach and did not use clear coat to cover the tiles. The biggest nightmare of this set became its biggest strength, and the tiles were the subject of many compliments from the audience during the shows.

Moral of the story:

When the chips are down, make sure that you prioritize quality over quantity. Also make sure that your painters don’t go on a drug trip while they are on the job. There will be no more clear coat spray paint for the stage crew.