E Portfolio

For my E-Portfolio, I plan to use Wix in order to present myself. From what I have read in the comparison articles and exploring the websites, it seems to me that Wix is more customizable and can give me the look that I want. I think I want my E-portfolio to be geared towards my internship search. I have dreamed of interning with the Equal Justice Initiative in Birmingham, Alabama since my sophomore year of High School. This internship is extremely competitive because of the fame that Bryan Stevenson, EJI’s founder, has amassed. I want to gear my portfolio towards my experiences regarding minority rights, diversity, and leadership. I have multiple topics to talk about, ranging from leadership positions in three high school clubs, my interactions with Delaware Senator Chris coons, and my future career goals. EJI is committed to providing representation to those who are facing death row. This is something that relates to my future goals of being a lawyer, so I plan to talk about how I have an aptitude for leadership and representation.

Some specific artifacts that I plan to use includes the Tyler Brown Pillar of service award, awarded to the High School Senior who displayed the most leadership and service qualities throughout high school. I also want to talk about how I met with Delaware senator Chris Coons to encourage his support of the first step act. I was President of two service clubs, “Salesians Without Borders” and “Salesians in Action”, both of which addressed minority communities. I can also use my involvement in mock trial in high school and moot court here at Penn State.

RCL: Advocacy

For my Advocacy Project I plan to break away from what I have written about in my issue brief and focus on a different topic more tailored to the Penn State community. I want to advocate for the implementation of wellness days into regular (non-COVID) semesters at Penn State. I want to write about the toxicity of “grind culture” (all nighters, long cram sessions, few breaks) and talk about the value of having days off from classes. I personally find wellness days to be very productive days for me. I don’t just sit around, but I catch up and get ahead, in a relaxed format. I think I can present this project in a cool way, maybe by interviewing peers about how they use their wellness days and whether or not they feel burnt out by “grind culture”. I think this topic plays perfectly into the valued expressed in the hierarchy of needs. A second topic I am considering advocating for is the reduction of wasteful plastic products at the Penn State dining hall. I plan to talk about the negative effect that excessive uses of plastic bags and Styrofoam containers have on Penn State’s indirect carbon footprint when considering production, dive into the staggering numbers of meals served in wasteful containers each day and encourage Penn State students to refrain from grabbing plastic bags when getting food from the dining hall, especially when they are eating their food in the building.

When reading “Photographer as Witness: A Portrait of Abuse”, I was struck by the imagery and was left wondering how in the world a man could lash out like that ESPECIALLY when there is a professional photographer documenting him. When I sat and thought about it, I came to the conclusion it was because the man was so clouded by his own thoughts, and probably lost all sense of rationality. This is why I think the photographers work is both art and advocacy. It is rare that images like these are captured, and they are so powerful to me because it really shows the irrationality of domestic violence. I think this has the capacity to be an advocacy piece because if I were a domestic abuser looking at these photos, I would see how brutal and unacceptable these actions are, regardless of what one is feeling inside. I do think advocating against domestic violence through this mode is a long shot however, because just like any crime, most offenders know their actions are wrong in some capacity and choose to act anyway. I view this article as a piece of art as well, because it captures a human family in a natural form, and is an extremely raw documentation. I definitely feel that this documentation of this family is ethical. It seems that this project was observational. I do not think that there were underlying assumptions in this message, because the message was not even supposed to be pertaining to domestic violence in the first place. I wouldn’t even say that the photographer made an argument, but rather let her undoctored photos create its own natural argument.

Issue Brief Rough

Introduction

In 1990, there were an estimated three and a half million undocumented immigrants living in the United States. In 2017 a report released by the Office of Immigration Statistics presumed an undocumented immigrant population of roughly 11 million. The near tripling of the United States undocumented migrant population throughout the past thirty years has sparked intense controversy, swayed elections, and altered public perception about the United States migrant population. Although immigration policy was one of the most defining legacies of the Trump administration, the 2020 Presidential Election exposed the intense polarity regarding the issue as President Biden promoted his comprehensive plans to reverse former President Donald Trump’s hardline immigration policies. At the root of Biden’s plan is his proposition of a bill that would offer an eight-year path to citizenship for the 11 million migrants living in the United States.

This proposal comes in recognition of the wide-reaching effects that an increase in undocumented immigration has had on the country and immigrant populations. United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has had to reallocate their efforts towards an increased domestic presence more focused on the detention and deportation of individuals residing in the United States as opposed to solely concentrated border efforts. Efforts on the border have become clogged as immigration patrol struggles to balance deportation efforts as well as deterrence along the Mexican American Border wall. Not only has undocumented migration become costly for border patrol, but the label of “undocumented” scars millions across the country. Families are forced to exist under the radar, finding underground work with little upwards mobility. Both within and surrounding border cities like El Paso, Texas, individuals live in constant fear of ICE capture

Undocumented migrants account for a significant percentage of the country’s workforce, do not pose a significant threat to national safety, and are a symbol of the power of the American Dream. America’s current system of immigration control geared towards detention, deterrence, and deportation does not recognize these values, and contributes to an inefficient process that burdens the lives of tens of millions of migrants, past and present, who have interacted with the system. The recent transfer of power within the United States government has placed the country in the hands of a leader who is in support of a process that recognizes the humanity of undocumented migrants and sees the benefit of providing them a path towards citizenship. If federal legislatures support providing a path towards equality and security for those who have already proven their capacity to contribute, they will work in accordance with President Biden’s eight-year path to citizenship plan.

Undocumented Migrants and the United States: Economics

Opponents of America’s undocumented migrant population cite various negative generalizations about undocumented people in order to justify active deportation efforts of non-risk migrants. One of the most common criticisms of the undocumented migrant population is rooted in the notion that those living under the radar leach off of the benefits of being an American citizen without contributing to the social dues necessary to enjoy these benefits in a justified manner. The United States has become extremely wary of granting citizenship to those of modest means along the border, as seen through the “Public Charge” rule, which directs immigration officials to reject citizenship applications that indicate a need for copious amounts of public benefits. Despite widespread economic fears, it has been proven that undocumented migrants provide significant aid to the United States economy

  • An estimated minimum of eight million undocumented migrants are actively engaging in the United States workforce, either through under the table work or employment through private companies/households
  • Undocumented migrants make up approximately 3.2 percent of the U.S. population but 4.4% of the country’s workforce
  • Increased geographic mobility of migrants make the undocumented population capable of quickly responding to worker shortages, filling jobs in need.
  • Contrary to popular belief, undocumented immigrants do pay taxes. A 2017 report by the Institute On Taxation and Economic Policy provides an estimate stating that the countries undocumented population pays “8% of their incomes in state and local taxes”.
  • A 2016 study performed by the Center of American Progress found that removing the economic impact of undocumented immigrants would reduce national GDP immediately by 1.4%, and 2.6% in total.
via ITEP

The economic benefits that undocumented immigrants provide to the United States economy is significant and essential. Providing a concrete path towards citizenship for this demographic will only increase economic contributions. A proposed path to citizenship plan in 2013 estimated that the integration of undocumented immigrants would have decreased federal budget deficits by nearly one trillion dollars over the span of 20 years, and increased the nations GDP significantly.

Undocumented Migrants and the United States: Security

Safety and security concerns are a popular talking point when considering the presence of undocumented immigrants living in the United States. Many accuse immigrants, both undocumented and legal, as major contributors to America’s drug trade. Politicians who oppose a more progressive stance towards immigration control have not hesitated to use divisive rhetoric in an attempt to describe undocumented immigrants as “aliens”. Former President Donald Trump said in 2018:

“We have people coming into the country or trying to come in, we’re stopping a lot of them, but we’re taking people out of the country. You wouldn’t believe how bad these people are. These aren’t people. These are animals.”

  • In a study evaluating crime rates between Undocumented migrants and Legal-Born U.S. citizens, US citizens are two times more likely to be arrested for violent crimes, and over 4 times more likely to be arrested for property crimes.
  • Undocumented migrants have the lowest felony arrest rates when looking at all four crime types.
  • “In 2018, the illegal immigrant criminal conviction rate was 782 per 100,000 illegal immigrants, 535 per 100,000 legal immigrants, and 1,422 per 100,000 native‐​born Americans. The illegal immigrant criminal conviction rate was 45 percent below that of native‐​born Americans in Texas”
  • No relationship except for a weak negative relationship exists between immigration and crime
  • Between 2007 and 2016, crime rates continued to fall across the country despite the drastic increase in illegal immigration
  • Highly populated areas with more undocumented immigrants reported significantly lower property crime rates and relatively equal violent crime rates than less populated areas
Via: Wisc

Immigration Policy Today: An Inefficient System

  • Talk about unnecessary federal spending on efforts that have proven ineffective
  • Talk about effects on undocumented migrants from a moral standpoint
  • Life of fear, little upward mobility opportunity, restrictions

Time for Action: The Effects of the Trump Administration on Undocumented Life

  • Briefly describe Trump’s legacy/its issues
  • Living in fear/creating fear
  • Quotes

A Clear Path Towards Citizenship: Key Elements

  • Description of proposed path towards citizenship
  • Holistic background checks
    • Describe
  • Work experience
    • Both in US and elsewhere
  • 8 year track
    • why 8 years?

Benefits of Providing a Path Towards Citizenship

  • Economics
    • Describe
  • Reallocation of time and effort across border
    • Resources can be placed elsewhere
  • Controversy control

Conclusion

  • draw on fact that border cities already recognize the value of including these people into U.S. community
  • mutually beneficial
  • call for action

I apologize for an incomplete draft. Hopefully my plan for the rest of my issue brief is evident through the outline of my last 4-5 sections as well as a partial draft.

Questions

  • do I get off topic anywhere
  • is there any concept that I should explain more
  • is there any part of my rough draft that does not seem backed by enough evidence

 

My works cited is currently being crafted, and I have a source for each of my facts stated. I currently have about 20-25 sources from what I have written so far, and plan to have more as I continue to write

No Easy Path: The Quest Towards Citizenship for Undocumented Migrants

Introduction

In 1990, there were an estimated three and a half million undocumented immigrants living in the United States. In 2017 a report released by the Office of Immigration Statistics presumed an undocumented immigrant population of roughly 10.5 million. The near tripling of the United States undocumented migrant population throughout the past thirty years has sparked intense controversy, swayed elections, and altered public perception about the United States migrant population. Although immigration policy was one of the most defining legacies of the Trump administration, the 2020 Presidential Election exposed the intense polarity regarding the issue as President Biden promoted his comprehensive plans to reverse former President Donald Trump’s hardline immigration policies. At the root of Biden’s plan is his proposition of a bill that would offer an eight-year path to citizenship for the 10.5 million migrants living in the United States.

This proposal comes in recognition of the wide-reaching effects that an increase in undocumented immigration has had on the country and immigrant populations. United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) has had to reallocate their efforts towards an increased domestic presence more focused on the detention and deportation of individuals residing in the United States as opposed to solely concentrated border efforts. Efforts on the border have become clogged as immigration patrol struggles to balance deportation efforts as well as deterrence along the Mexican American Border wall. Not only has undocumented migration become costly for border patrol, but the label of “undocumented” scars millions across the country. Families are forced to exist under the radar, finding underground work with little upwards mobility. Both within and surrounding border cities like El Paso, Texas, individuals live in constant fear of ICE capture

Undocumented migrants account for a significant percentage of the country’s workforce, do not pose a significant threat to national safety, and are a symbol of the power of the American Dream. America’s current system of immigration control geared towards detention, deterrence, and deportation does not recognize these values, and contributes to an inefficient process that burdens the lives of tens of millions of migrants, past and present, who have interacted with the system. The recent transfer of power within the United States government has placed the country in the hands of a leader who is in support of a process that recognizes the humanity of undocumented migrants and sees the benefit of providing them a path towards citizenship. If federal legislatures support providing a path towards equality and security for those who have already proven their capacity to contribute, they will work in accordance with President Biden’s eight year path to citizenship plan.

Issue Brief RCL

The issue I intend to address in my brief is in regards to President Joe Biden’s proposed 100 Day Deportation ban. President Biden’s administration proposed a 100-day-halt in active deportation efforts in order to reassess the issue on the border and implement a new approach towards immigrant apprehension, detention, and court proceedings. This proposition is kairotic because the 2020 Presidential election was particularly divisive, and border policy remains a hot button issue across the United States. Joe Biden’s outlook on the Mexican-American border is completely different from that of his precedent, Donald Trump. Throughout Biden’s presidency, his work on the border will constantly be compared to that of Donald Trump’s, and the burden of action will constantly be placed on the Biden administration to reverse Trump’s policies. Biden’s own immigration goals are quite ambitious, and a 100 day decoration ban could play a vital role in allowing the administration ample time to step back, reassess, and prepare. Such drastic policy shifts occurring along the border without a halt in deportation efforts could lead to confusion, subjectivity, and a lack of order as the Biden administration would be tasked with preforming an immediate 180 in terms of immigration management. The goal of the ban would not only be to reverse policy, but to conduct studies on the effects of deportation decrease.

The cause of Biden’s proposed deportation halt comes as a result of inadvertent issues. President Trump’s immigration policies were extremely hardline and intense, which led to numerous issues on the border. Many people, including myself, condemn the Trump administration for their lack of caution and awareness in regard to the Mexican-American border. Border crowding, separation, and legal clogging were commonplace during the Trump Administration. Some may argue that these were intentional byproducts of Trump’s policies, but I believe that most of the issues that occurred under the Trump administration occurred as a result of a lack of genuine awareness and educated action. Although many of the issues on the Mexican American border occurred inadvertently, President Trump supported many hardline policies that directly caused border clogging and confusion. This issue has occurred as a result of both inadvertent and advertent factors

The two policy instruments that are most at play when considering Biden’s deportation halt are capacity builders and system changes. Perhaps the most encompassing goal of the ban is to take a step back, allow policymakers to view the issue from a distance, and re-evaluate. The hope is that the ban will help reshape attitudes and culture on the basis of facts, rather than fear. The Biden administration views the situation on the border very differently than the Trump Administration did, and likely hopes that a 100 day deportation ban would allow citizens to buy into Biden’s values after statistics are collected.  One byproduct of these capacity builders will hopefully be system changes, which are the legislated policy changes that occur as a result of this re-evaluation

This I Believe Rough Script

Growing up, I was always fascinated by people. Some of my favorite family activities as a young child consisted of visiting nearby Amish villages and staring in awe as Amish Families paraded to church in their horses and buggies, or listening to a street performer playing the saxophone outside of the Reading Terminal Market. At home, I would spend countless hours on my childproof I-pad watching National Geographic travel videos that featured young reporters traveling to faraway places like Bolivia, India, and Vietnam.

My interest in people originally stemmed in large part from our differences. “What is this saxophone player on the corner going to eat for dinner tonight?” I would often silently ask myself. “Surely he won’t be eating my Mom’s casserole like me. He’s never even tasted my moms casserole!” These lifestyle differences were trivial, but I became hooked on them. I wanted to know what it was like to live a life that was different than mine. This curiosity was heightened during the 2016 election, when immigration stole the stage.

As Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton voiced their stance on the issue, the words “Illegal Alien” immediately stuck out to me. Talk about a difference. I didn’t view myself as neither illegal, nor an alien, and I needed to find out what this was all about. I dove head first into a rabbit hole of YouTube videos and podcasts centered around the Mexican Border, and fell in love with the immigrant mission. I became President of a school club titled “Salesians Without Borders”, or SWB which consisted of five of my friends meeting in a basement classroom with our Spanish teacher, researching recent immigration headlines. Not exactly the best way to look cool in High School, but oh well, its what I liked. I longed for a glimpse of what life was like at the border, in the same way that I longed for a peek into the life of any individual I see casually walking down the street. This opportunity was given to me when my school offered to briefly drag my club out of the building’s unairconditioned basement, and send us to El Paso, Texas, for a week.

I was psyched. That was, until the night before the trip. As I lay in bed that night, I came to a startling realization. The generalizations and fear invoking labels about South American migrants that I had fought so hard to combat during my time with SWB, had embedded themselves into my thoughts, and were the cause of both my fascination and fears. My mind raced with questions: “Will they be accepting of somebody who knows zero Spanish?” “Is this dangerous?” “Am I wasting my time?” For the first time in my life, I began to fear the illegal alien label, and it happened to be just hours before boarding the plane to El Paso.

The city of El Paso left me in awe upon arrival. I was surprised to see such vibrant nightlife, a building layout on par with your average mid-sized American city, and a beautiful border connecting the city to Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. However, My work in El Paso was not based downtown, but in the extremely poor areas surrounding it where undocumented migrants quite literally hid underground. Our groups van drove down a dry, neglected, road and up to an overgrown Days Inn Parking lot. The “Open” Sign on this Days in was nowhere to be found, and Half of its roof completely caved in. I was about to put myself in the shoes of an El Paso migrant as best as I could. I was still terrified.

Our job was to prepare and serve a meal to the migrants who were staying in the cockroach infested, waterless, and powerless rooms of the run-down Days Inn. Before we began to serve the 40-50 some migrants in the hotel, a man stood up, silenced the crowd, and said while holding his daughter, “Thank you for loving us. You are family.”. As I gave food to the families, I witnessed fathers and mother’s giving their portions up to their children, single adults offering to help serve after they finished their own meals, and people making an effort to thank me despite my complete inability to speak Spanish. My nerves gradually subsided, and I became filled with a sense of happiness that was similar to the feeling of a newfound discovery.

While sitting with the migrants after the meal, I began to think about the words the man had spoken.  All of my fears about how different I was from these migrants were replaced with a sense of joy about how similar I was to them. Although it is certainly true that everybody I encountered in that hotel had never eaten my Mom’s casserole, I do in fact share a similar broad human experience with them: A desire for love, for family, and for acceptance. A couple of American teenagers disregarding the stigma of “illegal alien” led to a partial fulfilment of these shared desires for both the migrants and myself. I continue to reject  the term illegal alien because it represents a complete failure to recognize humanities shared similarities, regardless of how different we may seem at face value. Taking the time to recognize the similarities between us instead of dwelling on the differences allows all of us to develop a more complete worldview..

CAS Homework #1

Possible “This I believe” topics

Option #1 : “I believe that we are more similar than we seem”

I formed this belief after my trip to El Paso, TX, during my Junior year of High School. This is the narrative that I plan to use to persuade others towards my belief. In High School I ran a club called “Salesians Without Borders” because I had a major interest in immigration and policy reform. I was excited to lead an immersion trip to El Paso, but grew incredibly anxious in the days leading up to the trip. I have always loved advocating for immigration reform, but now I was about to enter the front lines. I can’t even speak Spanish! How am I going to communicate with these migrants? Is El Paso dangerous?

I then plan to talk about a specific experience in El Paso where my group and I cooked and served a meal in an abandoned Days-Inn-turned underground sanctuary. I saw tired, malnourished, and defeated individuals, all of which were hungry but were sure to leave enough food for others. I couldn’t help but notice how drastically different these people were from the label placed on them by media and the uninformed. I realized my fears about not being able to speak Spanish, and possibly even being in danger, were completely irrelevant, as they were all overjoyed to see American teens accepting “illegal aliens”

I plan to use this story to sum up the concept that humans share drastically different life experiences. Being born in Ecuador is often much harder than being born in the United States. But we are all similar in our valuation of safety, family, desire for acceptance, and drive for liberty.

Option #2 : I believe that Accessibility provides a basis for relationship

I formed this belief throughout my years of learning American Sign Language in High School. My narrative would not necessarily be about ASL, but rather my time volunteering at the Mary Campbell Center in Delaware. The Mary Campbell Center is a home for disabled individuals who were older, and my job was to come in and simply spend time with them. One of the first encounters I had at the center was with a man named Dan (same name as me). He could not speak, but grunted and tapped. Someone informed me that he wanted to play checkers with me. I was quite frankly terrified. How did I speak to him? Do I let him win? Turns out he was extremely good at checkers, and beat me easily. As I continued to play chess with Dan throughout my time at the MCC, I figured out his mode of tapping communication. When I gave it a shot, he was visually overjoyed, and seemed me out every time I would come to volunteer.

To me accessibility is not just structures set in place by people or a government to allow for equality, but also an individual choice to be open and willing to meet somebody where they are. I formed a good relationship with Dan by not closing myself off, and making an effort

 

Passion Blog

Option #1: I plan to stick with my original blog from the fall semester. Athlete fashion, where I break down player tributes, postgame outfits, and how players are making statements with their clothing

 

Civic issues

Option #1: Exploring the current state of the United States Mexican Border, and DACA

  • I have always had a major interest in the United States Border, and I am extremely intrigued to see what changes the Biden administration brings in terms of addressing injustices and remedying border crowding. I am loosely considering immigration law as a possible career path.

Option #2: Drug Policy and Decriminalization

  • I have always been interested in United States incarceration, and know that drug related charges contribute to a bulk of the prison population. Massive steps towards decriminalization and legalization of various drugs have been made, and again, I am interested to see what the Biden Administration changes

Ibram X Kendi

While listening to Ibram X Kendi speak, I realized that his message was important to myself, Penn State, and the country as a whole. I had never even thought about the distinction between a nonracist and an anti-racist, but I think that the distinction is valuable and especially important in today’s America.

One element of Kendi’s argument was the fact that universities need to do more in terms of promoting an anti-racist environment. Kendi noted the fact that we should evaluate a universities diversity based not only off of how diverse the student body is, but how diverse the faculty and staff is. I think this is extremely important because teachers and other educators play a large role in forming the opinions and viewpoints of students, and a diverse teaching body could help better promote a more accepting and anti-racist mindset. Kendi also talks about the fact that University research about issues of race needs not only to be done, but to be implemented into University life. It seems that Kendi was suggesting that research is often done, but it is rare that Universities then develop a plan to take what they learned and promote change. One way that I think this could be changed is by having research on issues of race not only expose the problems, but also search for solutions and then implement them

Another element of Kendi’s presentation that I found very interesting is when he answered how to respond to somebody who does not believe in systemic racism. I have a couple of friends who never like when I mention the concept of institutionalized racism, and it has been difficult for me to engage in dialogue with them in the past. Kendi makes the point that there is empirical evidence that race disparities exist, so if one does not believe in systemic issues in America, they must then support the fact that some races are superior. Here Kendi lays out his argument very simply, while still showing the severity of what it means to say institutionalized racism does not exist. I’ve never wanted to tell me friends “if you don’t believe in it than your racist”, but the way that Kendi put it allows me to show the flaws of the opposing argument.

I found it super interesting how Ibram Kendi talked about how COVID is demonstrating some of Americas systemic injustices. He says that science shows that African Americans and other minorities are not more physically prone to death because of corona, but death rates are higher as a result of not being able to work from home. He also mentions the fact that many African Americans live in “Trauma deserts”, which means that there is no nearby hospitals or medical centers. This in addition to public transportation issues and a lack of a personal vehicle could prevent someone from receiving sufficient care. When this question was first asked I had not even known that minorities were disproportionately affected, but after his answer I realized just how extensive the issues caused by institutionalized racism are.

Myself, Penn State University, and the United States have a long way to go in order to be completely anti-racist. I personally have challenged myself realize that my life as a white male is not the universal human experience. I have loved listening to people like Ibram Kendi and other activists like Bryan Stevenson throughout my education, and I think it is important for my peers at Penn State to hear what they have to say as well. Penn State does not in fact have an illustrious history in terms of racial justice, as much as they love to talk about their football teams heroics that started the WE ARE chant. The campus still has a long way to go in terms of becoming more diverse and teaching students practical ways to become anti-racist.

TED TALK AND PUBLIC CONTROVERSY

Overall, I was pleased with how my TED Talk went. I tried to stay away from that more structured form of speaking that I had during my civic artifact speech and make my speech flow better instead of feeling like I was restating an essay. I watched many TED talks in preparation, and I noticed that most slides were extremely simple, and many had no words, so I tried to incorporate those simple elements into my slides. I asked a few framing questions that we discussed last class, because I thought questions like that really made listeners think and helped me get my overall point across. I am very passionate about the issue of prison reform and particularly felon rights, and I think I did a pretty good job in letting that show during my talk. I’ve done many projects about prison reform in the past, but doing a TED talk let me consolidate a clear argument and analyze the more general shifts that America is facing.

One possible public controversy topic could be the issue of closing schools because of COVID for the fall and the spring semesters. Different universities have taken drastically different approaches to re-opening, and it is an issue that affects us as students, along with teachers, parents, and other staff. Some schools have gone completely remote, others hybrid, and others in person. There is growing debate as to what should happen this upcoming spring semester, and it is already sparking genuine controversy. Some schools like West Chester university have already closed their doors for the spring. Despite this, there is still existing debate over what should have happened this fall semester! Should students and faculty have a choice to attend in person school if they please? Is this an issue that the federal or state governments needs to take sole power over? Or is it up to the Universities….

Another possible public controversy topic is a higher minimum wage. Many contend that the current minimum wage is not a livable wage, and minimum wages should be raised in order to provide lower class workers a more stable life. Some argue that the standard wage of 7.25$ an hour is suitable, and raising it would be a misplacement of resources. Minimum has been raised in many cities like San Francisco, who recognized that previous wages aren’t livable. The minimum wage controversy is becoming especially pertinent in cities where the standard of living is raising, and it is becoming nearly impossible to live off of minimum wage.