Issue Brief Introductory Paragraph

DWI Courts: The Best Solution to Drunk Driving

Every year, over 10,000 fatalities occur as a result of drunk driving. Each day, over 800 people receive injuries due to this issue bringing the total number of alcohol related traffic calamities to 290,000 annually costing nearly $114.3 billion. This cost includes loss of life, car impounding, court fees, and education programs for those under the influence. Most importantly, repeat offenders cause over ⅓ of drunk driving accidents. This costly issue has persisted in the United States throughout the twenty-first century even with laws and restrictions in place against the issue. While these mandates can punish offenders and create incentive to drive sober, it has not made a major dent in the issue of drunk driving. Statistically, drunk driving fatalities have remained relatively the same over the last ten years; the lack of a difference made with mandates in place signifies the need for new solutions. Rather than focusing on police surveillance and harsh punishment, the government should focus on the rehabilitation of drunk driving offenders. By requiring treatment, reeducation and consistent BAC tests, the number of drunk drivers and repeat offenses could decrease. All of these fall into the realm of DWI courts, the most successful preventive measure against drunk driving. In order to best combat this issue, DWI courts should receive greater funding in order to extend their resources to help more drunk drivers. 

After doing more research, I changed my intended policy instrument from mandates to capacity building.

The Asian American Experience During COVID-19: Part III Moving Forward

In the light of many acts of violence towards Asian Americans and thousands of instances of discrimination comes one of the worst instances of a hate crime that the COIVD-19 pandemic has seen. On March 16th, three shootings occurred at three different spas in Atlanta, killing eight people. Of the eight deaths, six had Asian heritage, four of which were South Korean; all of the Asian victims were also female. These shootings represent the continuing trend of anti-Asian American sentiment in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. These incidents of hate represent the worst of America; however, that does not mean that the American people cannot come together and heal. Asian Americans have always played a pivotal role in American society; people of Asian descendant are no less American than people descended from Irish or German immigrants. The opportunities that the United States has to offer has attracted millions from all over the world to seek better lives and contribute to the American way. In order to make it through the pandemic(s), all Americans must unify against racism, bigotry, and ignorance. The intentional harm inflicted upon fellow Americans due to their heritage hinders progress towards racial equity in the United States. If people from all backgrounds take a stand and unite against hatred, they will help establish a more fair and just society for all Americans.

Helping Asian Americans during these times of discrimination can come in several different forms. One does not have to take to the streets and start a new movement in order to protect their fellow Americans. A simple act to combat against anti-Asian sentiment involves reporting discriminatory incidents. While people reported over 3,800 incidents of hate during the pandemic, many more could have gone unreported and unnoticed. People may not have racist assumptions towards the Asian American community but doing nothing and acting as a bystander in the midst of all this only helps those who perpetrate animosity. Letting these scornful acts happen shows a lack of will to make a positive difference. By reporting instances of hate when they occur, it allows for the authorities to take the proper measures to protect those affected and to go after offenders; it also generates awareness in the community and enlightens people as to the experiences Asian Americans may go through. While reporting incidents is not enough to stop the whole issue of Asian American hatred, it allows for others to see that these things happen, and this issue exists prevalently in modern American society. People can report these incidents to the Stop AAPI Hate and the Stand Against Hatred organizations. Each offers services in multiple languages and publishes data regarding these issues. If more Americans have awareness of these acts of bigotry, the more likely people will come together and make a difference.

People can also help combat anti-Asian American hate by donating to organizations that provide support to those effected by hurtful incidents and that provide support to the Asian American community. Several GoFundMe pages have been established to collect donations in order to help hate crime victims and provide safety in Asian American communities across the nation. The Gold House and Coalition of Asian Pacifics in Entertainment organizations initiated a StopAsianHate page to help spread awareness about what the donations will go to and how they will help those communities; GoFundMe also created the Support the AAPI Community Fund for the same purpose. Donating to GoFundMe pages, business, or other organizations all provide support to the Asian American community during these difficult times. Many fundraises and GoFundMe pages have been created to help Asian American businesses in Chinatowns across the country. The pandemic and it’s negative association with Asian Americans have slowed down and impeded business. Contributing funds to help keep these businesses afloat shows support to a community impacted by racism.

Finally, people can express their support for the Asian American community and disdain for the hateful acts enacted against them by engaging in educational dialogues with people about these issues. Discrimination against Asian Americans is not solely a 21st century trend. From the mid 19th century to the Japanese internment camps during World War II to 2021 Asians have experienced marginalization in the United States. In order to understand the discrimination now, it is important to understand the history of anti-Asian sentiment in the United States. Also, understanding the many unique histories of the different Asian ethnicities can help people understand the cultural differences between them. Understanding race, culture, and history can prevent people from forming anti-Asian sentiment and could forge greater unity between the different ethnic groups of the United States moving forward.

Asian Americans have suffered immensely throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Not only due to health issues concerning the coronavirus, but the acts of hatred and bigotry that have taken the lives of many Asian Americans have affected many families and communities. As America continues into the 21st century, its people hope to move past a history plagued with racism and marginalization of minority groups. The Asian American experience during COVID-19 has been full of prejudice and unnecessary violence. In order to fight against these issues, Americans of any race or ethnicity can report hate crimes when they occur, donate to organizations or charities that support the Asian American community, or educate others about Asian culture and race to give people a greater understanding of their unique histories. People from many different ethnicities, backgrounds, and countries have always flocked to the United States in pursuit of the American Dream thus creating a melting pot of different cultures. In order to move forward as a country, people must accept their differences and not judge or discriminate against others due to their race. People should not solely view themselves as German, Irish, Persian, Chinese or Vietnamese but as Americans. Citizens can always have pride in where they come from but must never use their background as a reason to deem themselves superior to others. Understanding differences while uniting under the same flag will propel America into a new age of prosperity and understanding.

Works Cited:

Liu, Warren. “Be an Ally: How to Help Fight Anti-Asian Racism and Xenophobia: Hey BU.” Boston University, Trustees of Boston University, 19 Mar. 2021, www.bu.edu/articles/2021/be-an-ally-how-to-help-fight-anti-asian-racism-and-xenophobia/.

Moon, Kat. “How to Help Combat Anti-Asian Violence.” Time, TIME USA, 18 Mar. 2021, time.com/5947603/how-to-help-fight-anti-asian-violence/.

Nuyen, Suzanne. “Anti-Asian Attacks Rise During Pandemic. Read NPR’s Stories On The Surge In Violence.” NPR, NPR, 17 Mar. 2021, www.npr.org/2021/03/17/978055571/anti-asian-attacks-rise-during-pandemic-read-nprs-stories-on-the-surge-in-violen.

Rabin, Louise, et al. “Unity in Diversity and Racial Identification.” Bahaiteachings.org/, BahaiTeachings.org, 14 Aug. 2020, bahaiteachings.org/unity-diversity-racial-identification/.

Richard Fausset, Nicholas Bogel-Burroughs and Marie Fazio. “8 Dead in Atlanta Spa Shootings, With Fears of Anti-Asian Bias.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 19 Mar. 2021, www.nytimes.com/live/2021/03/17/us/shooting-atlanta-acworth.

Exigence and the Rhetorical Situation

The issue of drunk driving in the United States is an exigent issue. While the numbers have gone down in recent decades, 36,000 deaths comprising of 29% of all crash deaths is still too high of a number. Especially since over half of respondents to an American Addiction Center survey feel capable of driving after consumer, the issue of drunk driving still persists. Even if a drunk driver somehow reachers their destination safely, every time they drive on the road they create more opportunities for danger. In order to properly address this policy issue, it is key to make clear the dangerous consequences of impaired driving.

In order to best discuss this issue, it is key to understand the audience. In this scenario, the audience can be anyone who drives, consumes alcohol, or anyone who knows someone who does either or both of these things. This policy issue effects people of all ages and backgrounds. People may know the dangers of drunk driving but can still ignore the warnings; harsher penalties for these actions could motivate people to not drink and drive. This policy intervention would also have a government audience, since the intent is to change policy in order to protect the lives of citizens. Both audiences can make a differece. The government can implement new policies and mandates to incentivize people to stay away from drunk driving; the people are the ones who have to follow these rules and actively cut down on this dangerous practice.

Works Cited:

American Addiction Centers, American Addiction Centers, 2019, americanaddictioncenters.org/learn/drunk-driving-statistics-in-america/#:~:text=Interestingly%2C%2023.2%25%20of%20people%20admitted,46.5%25%20who%20don’t.

https://americanaddictioncenters.org/learn/drunk-driving-statistics-in-america/#:~:text=Interestingly%2C%2023.2%25%20of%20people%20admitted,46.5%25%20who%20don’t.

Bhutan: Hidden Among Asia’s Giants

I would describe Bhutan as of the most unique, isolated, and geographically beautiful countries that world has to offer. Sandwiched in the Himalayas mountains between China and India, it may seem easy to overlook the country on a map. However, Bhutan has many wonderful qualities that set it apart from its neighbors. The country has only been open to foreign visitors since the 1970s; even today, the government strictly limits tourism into the country. Since travel into the country is strictly regulated, having a visa and valid passport are key. You also have to take part in pre-arranged tours around the country. However, this has allowed Bhutan to maintain its cultural and physical beauty. It is the only carbon negative country in the world and has no shortage of fresh air and lush forests. The country has no traffic lights and has the highest unclimbed mountain in the world. So many things about this country make it appealing; I hope to one day experience these things myself.

Bhutan Maps, Bhutan on World Map, Bhutan Location & Transportation Map

The capital city, Thimpu, lies within the Himalayas providing a great view of the surrounding landscape. It would be interesting to experience authentic Bhutanese culture. I would love to see the Buddha Dordenma Statue and the National Memorial Chorten. The first is a large statue of the Buddha and the second is a shrine to the Buddha. Having visited Buddhist temples in China and Thailand, it would be intersting to see how similar or different the Bhutanese Buddhist places are. I would also love to visit the Tango and Cheri monasteries and observe Buddhist monks live out their lives in peace.

Memorial Chorten

Another worthwhile city to visit would be Paro. The only international airport is located here, so naturally I would have to stay in the city at some point. Paro has more monasteries and temples to visit. The one worth mentioning is the Paro Takstang. When I first saw a picture of Bhutan, I saw this monastery. Etched into the side of the moutain, it has a breathtaking view of the trees and natural beauty not to mention traditional Bhutanese architecture. I would love to have the ability to walk through this temple and see the Bhutanese landscape myself.

Paro Taktsang

Finally, I would definitely want to make time to visit Punakha. This city lies near the Mo and Pho rivers providing fresh water and river rafting opportunities. The city also has the Punakha Dzong fortress, a magnificient structure at the riverside. During religious festivals, you can see the town engage in traditional dances and celebrations. I would enjoy experiencing authentic Bhutanese culture from the people of Bhutan themselves.

Punakha Dzong

Bhutan definitely lies at the top of my list of countries that I want to travel to. The difficulty to travel there only makes it more appealing but allows for the preservation of the country’s natural wonder and cultural identity. I think it would be hard to find a more authentic country and one untouched by modernization than Bhutan. Even breathing the fresh and unpolluted air would be an experience in itself. If there is one places I want to see before I die, it’s definitely Bhutan.

Works Cited:

“20 Top Places to See and Things to Do in Bhutan: Bhutan Tourism.” Tour My India, Tour My India, 22 June 2020, www.tourmyindia.com/blog/top-places-to-see-things-to-do-bhutan/.

“Bhutan Travel.” Bhutan Maps, Bhutan on World Map, Bhutan Location & Transportation Map, Tibet Discovery, www.tibetdiscovery.com/bhutan-tours/bhutan-maps/.

Yu, Forrest. 10 Facts You Might Not Know About Bhutan, www.odynovotours.com/travel-blog/facts-about-bhutan.html.

Policy Intervention: Drunk Driving

Over 119,000 people died as a result of drunk driving in the United States from 2003 to 2011. Driving under the influence of alcohol impairs the driver’s ability to make the proper reactions in order to safely conduct a vehicle. Their impaired abilities put the lives of other drivers and innocent bystanders at risk. Drunk driving affects people of all ages, but has a large impact on younger groups of people. In 2017, 42% of drunk driving related deaths were people between 16 and 24 years of age. In addition, the highest percent of drunk drivers in the year were 21 to 24 year olds comprising of 27% of all drunk drivers. Although drunk drivers can be punished by insurance companies, interlock systems, breathalizers and liscence points, roughly 800 people are injured in drunk driving accidents daily.

I could consider drunk driving to be an accidental cause. While drunk drivers willingly become intoxicated and make the decision to get behind the wheel of a car, most of the time they do not intend to kill people when they drive. Impaired driving is a poor decision however people do not make that decision because they hope to kill someone on the road. While this issue is more of an accidental cause, it does not make these actions acceptable by any means. I feel that it could also be argued as an intentional cause since the drivers willingly got drunk and chose to drive knowing that their condition would diminish their ability to drive safely. I feel like drunk driving could fall into either category.

I would consider mandates to be the best solution to the issue of drunk driving. Harsher punishments need to be taken against drunk drivers to prevent people from doing it more than once but to also give drivers a reason not to do it in the first place. I think that there should be different levels of punishment based off of a certain BAC, but at a certain BAC the minimum punishment should be jailtime, even if no one has been harmed. Regular offences should always be met with heavy fines and should restrict the offender’s ability to drive. Many people continue to die from drunk driving each year; harsher punishments for this action should prevent people from drinking and driving. With less impaired drivers on the road, the world will be safer for people operating vehicles or simply just passing by.

Works Cited:

“Drunk Driving Statistics + Facts (Including a 2021 Survey): The Zebra.” Drunk Driving Statistics + Facts (Including a 2021 Survey) | The Zebra, Insurance Zebra, 16 Mar. 2021, www.thezebra.com/resources/research/drunk-driving-statistics/#:~:text=Drunk%20driving%20statistics%20in%202020&text=35.8%25%20of%20respondents%20identified%20Generation,year%20olds)%20with%2031.0%25.

“Facts and Laws about Drinking and Driving.” Auto-Related News, Trends, & Tips – I Drive Safely, I Drive Safely, 2021, www.idrivesafely.com/defensive-driving/trending/facts-and-laws-about-drinking-and-driving.