Depression Can Affect The Ones Closest to You

Depression is a widespread mood disorder that affects many people. It is often a response to a past or current loss and is the most common reason people begin to seek help. There are many levels of depression. It is caused by our reactions to an event going from a normal one, to a maladaptive one. Unlike other mood disorders, depression slows the body down, defuses aggression and restrains risk taking. It also has been found in the brain that there is a reduced number of neurotransmitters like, norepinephrine and serotonin. The symptoms of depression are lethargy, tiredness, feelings of worthlessness, loss of interest of family and friends, and loss of interest in activities. People go through a cycle of a stressful experience, to a negative explanatory style, to a depressed mood and finally cognitive and behavioral changes.  

           

 

My sister is a registered nurse. She used to work at a hospital located in the city of Philadelphia called Hahnemann Hospital. Over the summer, my sister interviewed for the management job position on her floor and was told it was basically hers because she was the most experienced on her floor. After her interview she was headed to France for a vacation, a promotion and a trip, what could be better? Not to mention, the hospital was going to pay for her education so she could get her master’s degree. She had been working there for three years when a sudden turn of events happened. The employees of Hahnemann were told the hospital was going to be shut down. My sister was devastated. This meant that after all her hard work, there was no promotion and even worse, she was out of a job.  

In relation to this event, my sister went through a minor depression. She was so excited to be getting promoted to the job she wanted and finally get her master’s degree, when her world crashed. Losing her job was tough on her. Throughout the summer my sister didn’t want to do much. She lied in bed for a while, sulking over the loss of her job, showing signs of lethargy and tiredness. Meanwhile, she used to work out every day, going to places like SoulCycle and PureBarre. I think my sister went almost two months without working out consistently, showing signs of loss of interest in activities. It took her a while to regain confidence and get new applications out there to other hospitals and workplaces. When she wasn’t hearing back from a lot of places it worsened her sense of worthlessness. My sister had many symptoms of depression for about two months. She was stuck in the depression cycle. This occurred until she found a new job that is everything she could ever ask for in a job and is now back to her regular routine of working out and eating healthy. This big event may not have been a loss of a person, but it was a loss of something big in her world. She had a special bond with the people of her hospital, and it was all taken from her in the blink of an eye. She had this minor depression for about two months, but now she has bounced back and is thriving. Depression can happen to anyone; it just depends how badly it can affect them.  

Mood Dependent Memory

Mood Dependent Memory is one way your memory and retrieval are affected. Mood dependence is the facilitation of memory when mood at retrieval is identical to the mood at encoding, or the process of memory. (“Mood-dependent memory,” 2011) For example, if you are studying for a test and in a happy mood, when you take the test your score will be better if you are in a happy mood. This is because when the moods are the same, it is easier to retrieve or recall information from your memory when you are in the same mood when you learned or encoded the information. This isn’t saying that you will do significantly worse on a test if your moods aren’t the same at encoding and retrieval. This is proving that when moods are the same at encoding and retrieval, you have a greater chance of remembering and being able to recall what you encoded much easier than if you were in two different moods.  

After this lecture, I decided to try this out myself when I am studying for exams and when I take the exam. I noticed I am usually a little bit anxious before my exams but most of the time in a good mood because I am trying to give myself confidence. So, in order to increase my retrieval effectivity, I would try and become a little bit anxious while I am studying but also create a happy atmosphere, so I am happy but a little anxious, just as I am on test days. I had a Biology exam coming up, so I began to study for it a week ahead. I normally study in the study room where it is quiet, and I can be by myself and use the white board. As I began studying, I made myself anxious by thinking about the exam and all the material that was going to be on it. I also made myself confident by saying repeating to myself you got this and putting on happy music, at a low volume. This created the mood that I normally feel on my exam days, I was a little anxious but confident and happy.  

When I went to take my exam a week later, I was feeling a bit anxious but confident and ready for it. I got an 88 on my Biology exam. This shows that mood dependent memory is very effective. I think I still would have done good on my exam if my moods weren’t the same, but because they were it was easier for me during the test to recall the information I encoded while studying. Having the same mood while studying and taking the test makes it easier for the brain to recall something because it almost flashes back to when you were studying in the same mood. This is something I will continue to do throughout my time at college to help improve my exam scores and enhance my performance on them.  

 

 

References 

Mood-dependent memory. (2011, April 28). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mood-dependent_memory 

Hemispheric Specialization

HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION 

 Our brain is split into two hemispheres, the right and the left, divided by a longitudinal fissure. Each side of the brain specializes in function, hemispheric specialization. The right side of the brain specializes in things like art and music perception but controls the left side of the body. While the left side of the brain specializes in language and analytical classification but controls the right side of the body. We have learned that the two hemispheres process different information but work together by sending signals back and forth to make our body function as one. Our brain uses what’s called the Corpus Callosum to do this.  When one side of the brain is affected, everything is affected.  

 When I was younger, my grandmother, who we called “memom”, suffered a severe stroke. A stroke is when arteries, which carry oxygen to the brain, gets blocked or bursts. This is also known as an ischemic stroke. My memom survived the stroke but was kept in the hospital for several weeks in order to do rehab. I remember going to the hospital and visiting my memom. The first thing I noticed about her was that her speech sounded very different. She had a lot of trouble speaking and forming sentences. Her speech was very slow and slurred and hard to understand. I asked my parents why memom was talking funny and they told me it was because of the stroke. I never understood why until now.  

After learning that the hemispheres of the brain have specific functions, I can finally understand why my memom had a lot of trouble speaking again after her stroke. When the oxygen was cut off from her brain, it was cut off from the left side which affected it severely. The left hemisphere controls language. Since her left hemisphere was affected due to the lack of oxygen, it caused her to barely be able to speak. My memom was put through speech therapy in order to learn how to speak somewhat normal again. It would take a while for her because she was older which meant her neuroplasticity had significantly decreased and she had to retrain her brain again. She never fully regained perfect speech, but she was able to talk without a slur anymore. I finally understand how each hemisphere plays a role in everything we do and that if one side is affected, something we do daily can also be affected.  

 

 

Works Cited 

Ramsey, Leona. “Slide Player.” Slide Player, https://slideplayer.com/slide/10844873/. 

 

What is a Stroke? (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.strokecenter.org/patients/about-stroke/what-is-a-stroke/