Food seems to be a popular topic in my blog posts now, and I have no problem keeping that tradition alive. I have always had a special love for food as I interact with it every day. Today I want to discuss the sustainability of food and the different ways that food is produced in our society. Farming is a massive industry in the United States, bolstered by our favorable environment for crops. Agriculture-related industries account for over 1.2 trillion dollars in the United States GDP.
Of course, when there is an industry this large and this profitable, there are going to be large corporations in control. In fact, Bill Gates is the single largest owner of farmlands in the United States. This came as a massive surprise to me but made sense in the grand scheme of things. The agriculture industry has sacrificed quality to achieve the ability to produce food in great quantity. Funny enough, this reminds me of what has been done with Apple Products—the sacrifice of quality for more profit.
On the bright side of things, this has not totally been done in vain. With the introduction of mega-farms, many small, family-owned farms have been run out of business. This has led to a higher demand on these farms to produce more food to keep up with the large and growing demand of the United States.
Fertilizers are a key part of the agriculture process, allowing for stable and healthy growth of crops. However, the side effects of fertilizer can be extremely harmful to the surrounding environment. Just one acre of corn uses between 100 and 200 pounds of fertilizer. The average farm in the United States is 445 acres, so if my math is correct, that is over 44,500 pounds of fertilizer per growing season. A significant amount of fertilizer is not used, however. Much of it is washed away during rainfall into local streams, gutters, rivers, and lakes. The nitrogen in the fertilizer stimulates the growth of aquatic plants and algae, which is known as algae blooms. Algae blooms can completely overtake water systems by using up the dissolved oxygen in the water, leaving none for the poor little fish.
Thankfully, the United States Environmental Protection Agency released guidelines to reduce the overuse of nitrogen and improve the quality of waterways. Fertilizers must be applied with the proper recommended account during the growing season of the plant and kept away from escaping water sources.