Project Team
Students
Justin Fleming
Atmospheric / Meteorology
University Park, Abington
Faculty Mentors
Kenneth Davis
University Park
Department of Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Project
Project Video
Project Abstract
This project aims to determine the typical structure of a low-level jet and identify its occurrence patterns in terms of diurnal cycle and synoptic conditions. Low-level jets (LLJs), characterized by peak wind speeds at lower altitudes, have been identified in the Washington Metropolitan Area and play a crucial role in the atmospheric transport of moisture and pollutants, making understanding their dynamics essential for predicting weather patterns and air quality in the region. I utilized LiDAR data from Washington D.C. (DCFLUX), an advanced remote sensing technology, to investigate LLJ characteristics. For the months of May and June 2024, a log was created to account for LLJ events and determine what conditions foster a LLJ. From the DCFLUX data, I analyzed cloud base heights, wind direction, and vertical wind velocity. Using the DCFLUX LiDAR data, I diagnosed specific synoptic patterns that are potential drivers for LLJs, such as the presence of southern high-pressure systems, clear skies, and strong southerly winds. It was found that in this region, the LLJ is a nocturnal phenomenon, with its average duration being between 02:00 UTC and 12:00 UTC (10:00 PM EST and 8:00 AM EST). This understanding not only enhances weather and air quality forecasting capabilities but also informs strategies for pollution control. Future research should further investigate the interaction between synoptic conditions and LLJ mechanisms, such as inertial oscillation and thermal wind.
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