2024
Fan, J., Hu, X. (2024) Decomposing Task-Relevant Information from Surface Electromyogram for User-Generic Dexterous Finger Force Decoding. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, In Press
Meng, L., Hu, X. (2024) Unsupervised neural decoding for concurrent and continuous multi-finger force prediction. Computers in Biology & Medicine, In Press
Fan, J., Hu, X. (2024) Towards Efficient Neural Decoder for Dexterous Finger Force Predictions. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, In Press
Rubin, N., Hinson, R., Saul, K., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2024) Modified motor unit properties in residual muscle following transtibial amputation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 21, 016009.
2023
Rubin, N., Hinson, R., Saul, K., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2023) Ankle Torque Estimation with Motor Unit Discharges in Residual Muscles following Lower-Limb Amputation. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 31: 4821-4830. 
Fan, J., Vargas, L., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2023) Robust neural decoding for dexterous control of robotic hand kinematics. Computers in Biology & Medicine, 162: 107139.
Vargas, L., Musselman, E.M., Grill, W.M., Hu, X. (2023) Asynchronous axonal firing patterns evoked via continuous subthreshold kilohertz stimulation, Journal of Neural Engineering, 20, 026015.
Roy, R., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2023) Optimized Model Selection for Concurrent Decoding of Finger Kinetics and Kinematics, IEEE Access, 11: 17348-17358.
Roy, R., Zheng, Y., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2023) Concurrent and Continuous Prediction of Finger Kinetics and Kinematics via Motoneuron Activities. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 70(6):1911-1920.
Liu, M., Naseri, A., Lee, I.C., Hu, X., Lewek, M.D., Huang, H. (2023) A Simplified Model for Full Body Angular Momentum Calculation. Medical Engineering & Physics, 111:103944.
Hinson, R.M., Berman, J., Filer, W., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2023) Offline Evaluation Matters: Investigation of the Influence of Offline Performance on Real-time Operation of Electromyography-based Neural-Machine Interfaces. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering, 31:680-689.
McCall, J., Hu, X., Kamper, D.G. (2023) Exploring Kinetic and Kinematic Finger Individuation Capability in Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy, Perceptual and Motor Skills, 130(2): 732-749.
2022
Roy, R., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2022) Concurrent Decoding of Finger Kinematic and Kinetic Variables based on Motor Unit Discharges. IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems 2022.
Prabhu, N., Vargas, L., Hu, X. (2022) Quantitative Characterization of Haptic Sensory Adaptation Evoked Through Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulation. IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems 2022.
Lee, I.C., Liu, M., Lewek, M.D., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2022) Towards Safe Wearer-Prosthesis Interaction: Evaluation of Gait Stability and Human Compensation Strategy under Faults in Robotic Transfemoral Prostheses. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering, 30:2773-2782.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2022) Resembled Tactile Feedback for Object Recognition Using a Prosthetic Hand. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 7 (4): 10977 – 10984.
Yao, S., Zhou, W., Hinson, R., Dong, P., Wu, S., Ives, J., Hu, X., Huang, H., Zhu, Y. (2022) Ultrasoft Breathable 3D Conductive Dry Electrodes for Electrophysiological Sensing and Myoelectric Control. Advanced Materials Technologies. 7 (10): 2101637.
Rubin, N., Zheng, Y., Huang, H., Hu, X. (2022) Finger Force Estimation using Motor Unit Discharges Across Forearm Postures. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 69(9):2767-2775.
Roy, R., Xu, F., Kamper, D. G., Hu, X. (2022) A generic neural network model to estimate populational neural activity for robust neural decoding, Computers in Biology and Medicine, 144:105359.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2022) Evoked Tactile Feedback and Control Scheme on Functional Utility of Prosthetic Hand. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 7 (2): 1308-1315.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2022) Adaptive real-time decomposition of electromyogram during sustained muscle activation: a simulation study. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 69 (2): 645-653.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2022) Object Recognition via Evoked Sensory Feedback during Control of a Prosthetic Hand. IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, 7 (1): 207-214.
2021
Xie, J., Hu, X. (2021) Virtual Reality for Evaluating Prosthetic Hand Control Strategies: A Preliminary Report. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 6263-6266.
Rubin, N., Liu, W., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2021) Common Neural Input within and across Lower Limb Muscles: A preliminary Study. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 6683-6686.
Xu, F., Riden, W., Filer, W., Hu, X. (2021) Evaluation of Lumbar Muscle Activation Patterns during Trunk Movements using High-Density Electromyography: A Preliminary Report. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 6082-6085.
Vargas, L., Baratta, J., Hu, X. (2021) Distribution of M-Wave and H-Reflex in Hand Muscles Evoked via Transcutaneous Nerve Stimulation: A Preliminary Report. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 5897-5900.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Closed-Loop Control of a Prosthetic Finger via Evoked Proprioceptive Information. Journal of Neural Engineering, 18, 066029.
Fleming, A., Stafford, N., Huang, S., Hu, X., Ferris, D., Huang, H. (2021) Neural control of robotic lower limb prostheses: problems and perspectives. Journal of Neural Engineering, 18 041004.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Static and dynamic proprioceptive recognition delivered through vibrotactile stimulation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 18, 046093.
Xu, F., Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Estimation of joint kinematics and fingertip forces using motoneuron firing activities: a preliminary report. Proceedings of IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 1035-1038.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Perception of static position and kinesthesia of the finger using vibratory stimulation. Proceedings of IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 1087-1090.
De Negro, F., Hu, X., Yao, J. (2021) Editorial: Understanding altered muscle activation after central or peripheral neuromuscular injuries. Frontiers in Neurology. 12:642207.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Concurrent estimation of finger flexion and extension forces using motoneuron discharge information. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 68(5):1638-1645.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2021) Concurrent prediction of finger forces based on source separation and classification of neuron discharge information. International Journal of Neural Systems, 31(6): 2150010.
Shin, H., Hawari, M. A., Hu, X. (2021) Activation of superficial and deep finger flexors through transcutaneous nerve stimulation. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 25(7):2575-2582.
Zheng, Y., Shin, H., Kamper, D.G., Hu, X. (2021) Automatic detection of contracting muscle regions via the deformation field of transverse ultrasound images: a feasibility study. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 49(1):354-366.
2020
Wu, S., Yao, S., Liu, Y., Hu, X., Huang, H., Zhu, Y. (2020) Buckle-delamination-enabled stretchable silver nanowire conductors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12(37):41696-41703.
Xu, F., Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Real-time finger force prediction via parallel convolutional neural networks: a preliminary study. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 3126-3129.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Stiffness perception using transcutaneous electrical stimulation during active and passive prosthetic control. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 3909-3912.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Dexterous force estimation during finger flexion and extension using motor unit discharge information. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 3130-3133.
Afzal, T., Lai, A., Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2020) Quantifying the peak amplitude distributions of electromyogram in bicep brachii muscle after stroke. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. 3739-3742.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Elicited upper limb motions through transcutaneous cervical spinal cord stimulation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 17, 036001.
Pan, L., Vargas, L., Fleming, A., Hu, X., Zhu, Y., Huang, H. (2020) Evoking haptic sensations in the foot through high-density transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulations. Journal of Neural Engineering, 17, 036020.
Vargas, L., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Object shape and surface topology recognition using tactile feedback evoked through transcutaneous nerve stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Haptics, 13(1):152-158.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Muscle activation pattern elicited through transcutaneous stimulation near the cervical spinal cord. Journal of Neural Engineering, 17 016046.
Vargas, L., Shin, H., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2020) Object stiffness recognition using haptic feedback delivered through transcutaneous proximal nerve stimulation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 17 016002.
Dai, C., Hu, X. (2020) Finger joint angle estimation based on motoneuron discharge activities. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, 24(3):760-767.
2019
Shin, H., Hu, X. (2019) Multichannel nerve stimulation for diverse activation of finger flexors. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 27(12): 2361-2368.
Yao, S., Yang, J., Poblete, F.R., Hu, X., Zhu, Y. (2019) Multifunctional electronic textiles using silver nanowire composites. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 11(34):31028-31037.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2019) Elicited finger and wrist extension through transcutaneous radial nerve stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 27(9):1875-1882.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2019) Real-time isometric finger extension force estimation based on motor unit discharge information. Journal of Neural Engineering, 16 066006.
Dai, C., Hu, X. (2019) Independent component analysis based algorithms for high-density electromyogram decomposition: Systematic evaluation through simulation. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 109, 171-181.
Son, J., Hu, X., Suresh, N.L., Rymer, W.Z. (2019) Prolonged time course of population excitatory postsynaptic potentials in motoneurons of chronic stroke survivors. Journal of Neurophysiology, 122(1):176-183.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2019) Interference removal from electromyography based on independent component analysis. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 27(5):887-894.
Dai, C., Hu, X. (2019) Independent component analysis based algorithms for high-density electromyogram decomposition: Experimental evaluation of upper extremity muscles. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 108, 42-48.
Dai, C., Cao, Y., Hu, X. (2019) Prediction of individual finger forces based on decoded motoneuron activities. Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 47(6):1357-1368.
Vargas, L., Whitehouse, G., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2019) Evoked haptic sensation in the hand with concurrent non-invasive nerve stimulation. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 66(10):2761 – 2767.
Dai, C., Hu, X. (2019) Extracting and classifying spatial muscle activation patterns in forearm flexor muscles using high-density electromyogram recordings. International Journal of Neural Systems, 29 (1):1850025.
2018
Klein, C.S., Li, S., Hu, X., Li, X. (2018) Electromyography (EMG) techniques for the assessment and rehabilitation of motor impairment following stroke. Frontiers in Neurology, 9:1122.
Shin, H. Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Variation of finger activation patterns post-stroke through non-invasive nerve stimulation. Frontiers in Neurology, 9:1101.
Zheng, Y., Shin, H. Hu, X. (2018) Muscle fatigue post-stroke elicited from kilohertz-frequency subthreshold nerve stimulation. Frontiers in Neurology, 9: 1061.
Fylstra, B., Dai, C., Hu, X., Huang, H. (2018) Characterizing residual muscle properties in lower limb amputees using high density EMG decomposition: A pilot study. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 5974-5977.
Dai, C., Cao, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Estimation of finger joint angle based on neural drive extracted from high-density electromyography. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 4820-4823.
Vargas, L. Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Merged haptic sensation in the hand during concurrent non-invasive proximal nerve stimulation. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2186-2189.
Shin, H., Hu, X. (2018) Flexibility of finger activation patterns elicited through non-invasive multi-electrode nerve stimulation. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 1428-1431.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Reduced muscle fatigue using kilohertz-frequency subthreshold stimulation of the proximal nerve. Journal of Neural Engineering, 15 066010.
Shin, H., Chen, R., Hu, X. (2018) Delayed fatigue in finger flexion forces through transcutaneous nerve stimulation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 15 066005.
Shin, H., Watkins, Z., Huang, H., Zhu, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Evoked haptic sensations in the hand via non-invasive proximal nerve stimulation. Journal of Neural Engineering, 15 046005.
Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Improved muscle activation using proximal nerve stimulation with subthreshold current pulses at kilohertz-frequency. Journal of Neural Engineering, 15 046001.
Dai, C., Zheng, Y., Hu, X. (2018) Estimation of muscle force based on neural drive in a hemispheric stroke survivor. Frontiers in Neurology, 9:187.
Yao, S., Vargas, L., Hu, X., Zhu, Y. (2018) A novel finger kinematic tracking method based on skin-like wearable strain sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal, 18 (7): 3010 – 3015.
Shin, H., Suresh, N. L., Rymer, W. Z., Hu, X. (2018) Relative contribution of different altered motor unit control to muscle weakness in stroke: a simulation study. Journal of Neural Engineering, 15 016014.
Lei Y., Suresh, N. L., Rymer, W. Z., Hu, X. (2018) Organization of the motor-unit pool for different directions of isometric contraction of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Muscle and Nerve, 57(1): 85-93.
2017
Shin, H., Watkins, Z., Hu, X. (2017) Exploration of hand grasp patterns elicitable through non-invasive proximal nerve stimulation. Scientific Reports, 7:16595.
McManus, L. M., Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L., Lowery, M. M. (2017) Motor unit activity during fatiguing isometric muscle contraction in hemispheric stroke survivors. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11:569.
Dai, C., Shin, H., Davis, B., Hu, X. (2017) Origins of common neural inputs to different compartments of the extensor digitorum communis muscle. Scientific Reports, 7:13960.
Dai C., Suresh N. L., Suresh A. K., Rymer W. Z., Hu X. (2017) Altered motor unit discharge coherence in paretic muscles of stroke survivors. Frontiers in Neurology. 8:202.
2016
Hu, X., Afsharipour,B., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2016) Impairment of muscle force transmission in spastic-paretic muscles of stroke survivors. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 6098-6101.
Hu, X., Suresh, A. K., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2016) Altered motor unit discharge patterns in paretic muscles of stroke survivors assessed using surface electromyography, Journal of Neural Engineering 13 046025.
McManus, L. M., Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N.L., Lowery, M.M. (2016) Muscle fatigue increases beta-band coherence between the firing times of simultaneously active motor units in the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Journal of Neurophysiology, 115(6):2830-2839.
2015
Hu, X., Suresh, N. L., Xue, C., Rymer, W. Z. (2015) Extracting extensor digitorum communis activation patterns using high-density surface electromyography. Frontiers in Physiology 6: 279.
Rasool, G., Afsharipour, B., Suresh, N.L., Hu, X., Rymer, W.Z. (2015) Spatial analysis of muscular activations in stroke survivors. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 6058-6061.
Hu, X., Suresh, A. K., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2015) Assessing altered motor unit recruitment patterns in paretic muscles of stroke survivors using surface electromyography. Journal of Neural Engineering 12: 066001.
McManus, L., Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Lowery, M. M., & Suresh, N. L. (2015) Changes in motor unit behavior following isometric fatigue of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Journal of Neurophysiology 113(9), 3186-3196.
Hu, X., Suresh, N. L., & Rymer, W. Z. (2015) Estimating the time course of population excitatory postsynaptic potentials in motoneurons of spastic stroke survivors. Journal of Neurophysiology 113(6), 1952-1957.
Hu, X., Suresh, N. L., Chardon, M. K., & Rymer, W. Z. (2015) Contributions of motoneuron hyperexcitability to clinical spasticity in hemispheric stroke survivors. Clinical Neurophysiology, 126(8), 1599-1606.
McManus, L., Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L., & Lowery, M. M. (2015) Fatigue-related alterations to intra-muscular coherence. Proceedings of IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 902-905.
2014
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2014) Control of motor unit firing during step-like increases in voluntary force. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 8:721.
Suresh, A. K., Hu, X., Powers, R. K., Suresh, N. L., Heckman, C. J., Rymer, W. Z. (2014). Changes in motoneuron afterhyperpolarization duration in stroke survivors. Journal of Neurophysiology 112(6), 1447-1456.
Jahanmiri-Nezhad, F., Hu, X., Suresh, N. L., Rymer, W. Z., Zhou, P. (2014). EMG-force relation in the first dorsal interosseous muscle of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. NeuroRehabilitation, 35(2), 307-14.
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2014). Motor unit firing rate patterns during voluntary muscle force generation: a simulation study. Journal of Neural Engineering 11(2), 026015.
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2014). Accuracy assessment of a surface electromyogram decomposition system in human first dorsal interosseous muscle. Journal of Neural Engineering 11(2), 026007.
Hu, X., Suresh, N. L., Jeon, B., Shin, H., Rymer, W. Z. (2014). Statistics of inter-spike intervals as a routine measure of accuracy in automatic decomposition of surface electromyogram. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 3541-3544.
2013
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2013). Assessment of validity of the high-yield surface electromyogram decomposition. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 10: 99.
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2013). Reliability of spike triggered averaging of the surface electromyogram for motor unit action potential estimation. Muscle & Nerve, 48(4), 557-570.
Hu, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2013). Motor unit pool organization examined via spike triggered averaging of the surface electromyogram. Journal of Neurophysiology, 110(5), 1205-1220.
Jeon, B., Suresh, N. L., Suresh, A. K., Rymer, W. Z., Hu, X. (2013). Motor unit structural change post stroke examined via surface electromyography: a preliminary report. Proceedings of IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 1234-1237.
Srivatsan, S., Hu, X., Suresh, A. K., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2013). Power spectral analysis of surface EMG in stroke: a preliminary study. Proceedings of IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, 1606-1609.
2012
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2012). Force and time gain interact to nonlinearly scale adaptive visual-motor isometric force control. Experimental Brain Research, 221(2), 191-203.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2012). Asymmetrical interference associated with force amplitude and hand dominance in bimanual constant isometric force. Motor Control, 16(3), 297-316.
Hu, X., Mazich, M. M., & Newell, K. M. (2012). Time gain influences adaptive visual-motor isometric force control. Experimental Brain Research, 218(1), 73-80.
Suresh, A. K., Hu, X., Powers, R., Rymer, W. Z. (2012). Examination of afterhyperpolarization duration changes in motoneurons innervating paretic muscles in stroke survivors. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 3580-3583.
Hu, X., Suresh, A. K., Li, X., Rymer, W. Z., Suresh, N. L. (2012). Impaired motor unit control in paretic muscle post stroke assessed using surface electromyography: A preliminary report. Proceedings of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 4116-4119.
2011-earlier
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Aging, visual information, and adaptability to task asymmetry in bimanual force coordination. Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(6), 1671-1680.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Modeling constraints to redundancy in bimanual force coordination. Journal of Neurophysiology, 105(5), 2169-2180.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Visual information gain and task asymmetry interact in bimanual force coordination and control. Experimental Brain Research, 212(4), 497-504.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Motor-unit pool model of continuous and discrete force variability. Motor Control, 15(4), 439-455.
Hu, X., Loncharich, M., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Visual information interacts with neuromuscular factors in the coordination of bimanual isometric force. Experimental Brain Research, 209(1), 129-138.
Sternad, D., Abe, M. O., Hu, X., Müller, H. (2011) Neuromotor noise, error tolerance and velocity-dependent costs in skilled performance. PLoS Computational Biology, 7(9), e1002159.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Adaptation to bimanual asymmetric weights in isometric force coordination. Neuroscience Letters, 490(2), 121-125.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2011). Dependence of asymmetrical interference on task demands and hand dominance in bimanual isometric force tasks. Experimental Brain Research, 208(4), 533-541.
Hu, X., & Newell, K. M. (2010). Adaptation to selective visual scaling of short time scale processes in isometric force. Neuroscience Letters, 469(1), 131-134.