Various completed and ongoing studies have utilized a range of innovative approaches for collecting real-time data from subjects throughout their day-to-day lives. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and intervention (EMI) techniques, daily diary surveying, ambulatory monitoring of physiology and activity, and ambient environmental parameter assessment are all methods that have been (and continue to be) employed. These methodologies allow for the dynamic study of a wide-range of psychological, behavioral, physiological, and environmental experiences as they occur within natural settings.