16
Apr 13

Tracking in America’s Public Schools

Kim Jurczyk

05/16/13

Tracking in America’s Public Schools

 

-Audience

The audience for this advocacy project would be primarily families with children or, more specifically, people who are directly affected by tracking, such as families with children already in the public school system.

 

-Justification of mode

I envisioned the advocacy project playing on YouTube and Facebook in order for the petition to be easily accessible. If I had created a website then the videos could have probably been aired on the television (if the quality was better) with the address for the website. In the videos, I wanted to make sure that the definition of tracking was explained and the consequences of tracking were explained in order for people to really understand what the petition/issue is about. I also wanted the commercials to be pithy enough so that people wouldn’t lose interest and it could be shown to more people. I used puppets to spread the message mainly to make it more entertaining.

 

-Justification of message

Tracking has already done enormous damage to American students and a large majority of people isn’t aware of what tracking is and how it’s affecting the America’s public schools. This message is meant to spread awareness and persuade people that they can make a difference by taking part in the petition.

 

-Topic exigence

I have already commented on the damage tracking has done to the system so I suppose the exigence would be that if the tracking system does not change more students will drop-out of high school, receive poor educations, and never be given the opportunity to mold a new life for themselves. Not only that, but if less people go to college and become a part of America’s qualified workforce then there is less economic growth for the country, which makes the dilemma of tracking an even greater issue.

 

-Constraints (audience, topic)

Professionalism of the commercials could have been better (I wish I knew how to use a fancy video camera). Also, the issue of tracking could affect viewers’ children maybe in the future but if an audience member is in college they’re not going to be thinking about tracking. Also, well-off families who don’t have to deal with tracking might not be able to relate to the topic.

Tracking in Public Schools: Meet Jenny and Sally

Tracking in Public Schools: Did You Know?

Spreading My Advocacy Project


21
Mar 13

“Tracking in Public Schools.”

In the 1960s, sociologist Talcott Parsons conducted a study that analyzed the deteriorating conditions of the nations public schools, and he concluded that children’s futures were permanently sealed as early as elementary school (Sadker, and Zittelman 80-84). Schools began deciding children’s futures based on the idea of “tracking”, the process in which students are placed into separate groups based on their supposed academic ability. This labeling system actually lowers the likelihood of the child’s academic progress, prevents them from being prepared for a four-year-college, and limits the amount of qualified workers in America. The lowering standards of America’s public schools has caused children to receive an inadequate education, therefore, causing severe ramifications that hinder economical progress and likelihood of the individual’s success.

Tracking began with the concept that children who did not learn at a fast pace should be placed with kids who had similar abilities. Therefore, creating a homogenous classroom would allow teaches to review material at a slower rate in order to accommodate the students. Teachers who supported tracking agreed, “In heterogeneous classes, bright students get bored, while slower students have trouble keeping up, and we lose our most talented and our most needy students” (Sadker, and Zittelman 80-84). A child is first placed on a track in elementary school based on their test scores and will stay on the on their track until they graduate high school. However, these children are learning at a slower rate and have been given easier material, causing them to never challenge themselves or become confident in their abilities.

Children who are placed on lower tracks are given lower standards and, consequently, are constantly trying to learn at the necessary pace that will prepare them for the future. Research has proved that when children are told they are not capable of being responsible or they cannot adequately learning the material they will unconsciously change their behavior to match their treatment. In the 1970s, Ray Rist observed a kindergarten class in a low-income urban school. The kindergarten teacher had separated the class into the “fast learners” and the “slow learners” based on arbitrary factors such as physical appearance, socioeconomic status, and language usage (Sadker, and Zittelman 80-84). The kindergarten teacher expected more from the “fast learners” and gave them more instruction, encouragement, and attention. Eventually, Rist noticed that the “slow learners” were developing self-degradation attitudes and hostility toward other classmates. By lowering the standards of these small children, the teacher had shaped their academic capabilities and ensured that they would not be given the opportunity to prove that they were capable of harder work.

Not only does tracking harm the individual early in their academic career, but many children are actually pushed through the system without improving at all, which causes them to be ill-prepared for any academic challenges. Because they are not prepared, these children will drop out of high school after a few years and their chances of escaping poverty or low-income households disappear completely. A school where over 40% of the children don’t graduate on time is known as a “drop-out factory”, and there are over 2,000 of these schools in America. Lock High School, one of the countries worst “drop-out factories”, loses over 800 students between freshman and sophomore year (Waiting for “Superman”). The reason why is because the kids who have never been given the encouragement or opportunity to prove themselves never developed the confidence or academic capability to flourish in a school environment.

Because of the effects of the tracking system, over 3,030,000 high school students drop out annually and 8,300 students drop out each day. Unfortunately, 90% of the jobs in America require a high school diploma so many of these students are forced to accept low-income jobs and have no means of acquiring higher prospects (“High School Dropout Statistics”). Consequently, there are 123 million jobs considered to be high skill and high paying jobs, but only 50 million American’s are considered qualified for these positions (Waiting for “Superman”). Bill Gates even argues, “We cannot sustain an economy based on innovation unless we have citizens that are well-educated in math, science, and engineering. If we fail at this, we won’t be able to compete in the global economy” (Waiting for “Superman”). Without improving the education system and helping the children who have already been damaged, competent students will not support the economy. Instead, the United States will be forced to accept international workers who are more qualified then the young adults here.

If children in low-income neighborhoods who are not confident in their academic abilities want to succeed in the global economy then the education system needs to make forward progress. For many families who cannot afford a private education, charter schools have become the best alternative. One of the best examples of charter schools in America are KIPP Public Charter Schools, which are college-preparatory public schools that help kids in low-income neighborhoods academically succeed. Today, there are over 120 KIPP schools across the country and 90% of those kids will attend and be prepared for a four-year college (“Knowledge is Power Program”). Not only are their academic achievements enormous, but also individuals are not accepted into the KIPP program based on prior academic record, conduct or socioeconomic background. Because of this, unsuccessful, unconfident students admitted into the program make enormous progress because of the higher expectations and the constant support they receive. By the end of 8th grade, 62% of KIPP students outperform their national peers in math and 57% outperform their peers in reading, proving that this kind of education system is highly successful (“Knowledge is Power Program”).

However, there are still educators who fiercely support the tracking system and in some very rare cases the system has proven to be successful. In 2005, 140 primary schools in Kenya received funds from the International Child Support (ICS) organization that allowed many of them to gain another teacher (Duflo, Dupas, and Kremer). The teachers split the students into two classes based on prior academic performance and results showed that the students benefitted from being separated into smaller groups. But in this example there were several different factors that contributed to these students success. The teachers might not have treated the other students unfairly, but rather began to better instruct her students based on their needs. Splitting the classes was also beneficial for the students probably because of their large class sizes. By making classes smaller, the environment allows individuals to pay attention more and learn the material more quickly. But this particular case cannot be used to support tracking, because of specific conditions that allowed it to become successful.

No matter how difficult it is to change the system, the idea of tracking needs to either be significantly adjusted or abolished altogether.

Further conclusion.

Citations

Sadker, David Miller, and Karen R. Zittleman. “The Practice of Tracking in Schools.” Trans. Array Teachers, Schools and Society: A Brief Introduction to Education. Columbus, OH: McGraw-Hill Higher Education, 80-84. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://www.education.com/reference/article/Ref_Other_Side_Tracks/>.

Guggenheim, Davis, dir. Waiting for “Superman”. Prod. Chilcott Lesley. 2010. Film. 20 Mar 2013. <http://www.takepart.com/waiting-for-superman>.

 

“Knowledge is Power Program.” KIPP Public Charter Schools. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Mar 2013. <http://www.kipp.org/question3>.

 

Duflo, Esther, Pascaline Dupas, and Michael Kremer. “Can Tracking Improve Learning.” Educationnext. 9.3 (2011): n. page. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://educationnext.org/tracking-improve-

 

“Tracking.” Education Week. 4 Aug 2004: n. page. Web. 20 Mar. 2013. <http://www.edweek.org/ew/issues/tracking/>.

 

“High School Dropout Statistics.” Statistic Brain. N.p., 10 12 2012. Web. 21 Mar 2013. <http://www.statisticbrain.com/high-school-dropout-statistics/>.


14
Mar 13

Persuasive Essay and Advocacy Project: Education

So I’ll be perfectly honest with you all. I absolutely love the documentary “Waiting for Superman”, which is about the awful public schools and declining standards of the American education system. The film inspired me because education has been something very near and dear to my heart. I am extremely blessed to not only be able to go to college, but actually PICK the college I want to attend. That is very rare nowadays and for many kids the likelihood of them going to college could be 1/1000 (literally). In some cities, such as Washington D.C., the districts hold lotteries for charter schools that help the chosen children to be on a fast track toward higher education. But some individuals aren’t so lucky.

So I want to my persuasive essay to make people realize the tragic state of America’s failing public school systems and how the system is failing millions of kids each year.

Therefore, my advocacy project will either be encouraging people to sign the petition that the Take Part organization is creating to send to U.S. governors or encouraging people to contact their local school boards. I will probably do these by using a mailing list or social networks.

This is the link to the organization: http://www.takepart.com/waiting-for-superman/action

If anyone has any suggestions, please feel free!

 


31
Jan 13

“The Sexes.”

I chose to do my online deliberation assignment on The Atlantic channel “The Sexes”, which focuses specifically on gender issues in America. I’ve already chosen a couple articles, for example, an article about women being incarcerated in Mexico due to the drug war. I chose this site because it relates somewhat to my civic issue blog and I’m greatly interested in what these writers have to say. I’ve always loved The Atlantic and the opinion’s page they include. Hopefully, I’ll get some reaction from this site because a lot of opinionated people read the articles, but there isn’t an excess of traffic (like there is on the New York Times website).

Here is the link to the website:

http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes

 


20
Jan 13

This I Believe: The Pursuit of Happiness

This I Believe: The Pursuit of Happiness

When I was young, I learned early on that sports were one of the things that gave me complete and utter joy. Ever since I was four, I had competed in swim meets, basketball games, soccer tournaments, and cross-country races, hoping that one day I would be good enough to compete at the collegiate level. But when I was 10, I felt this deep, throbbing pain in my right shoulder at swim practice. The pain gradually increased until I finally broke down crying on the side of the pool. At the time, the doctors thought it was just growing pains, but the pain continued to persist for years. During that time, we tried every imaginable test, treatment, and physical therapy and the doctors eventually announced that I had a rare medical condition called Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. The problem was that I had an extra cyst in my shoulder. But there was no surgery they could perform and there was no known treatment that could permanently fix it.

So during the next five years, the pain lived on. That familiar deep, throbbing sensation in my shoulder was what I came to expect every day. Sometimes, my hands would tremble in the middle of class and my vision would blur because of the strain my body had to withstand. It was five long years until I actually found a medication that worked and even then the medication did not eliminate the problem but merely covered it up for an extended period of time.

But with the medication, the pain became tolerable. After years of holding onto that last shred of hope, my life got better. Never once in those five years did I stop playing sports. I loved running and basketball more anything and I promised myself that I would never give up the things that made me happy. Even if it meant passing out on the sidelines after I played a basketball game without stop. Even if I crossed the finish life shaking and in tears because I was forcing my body to endure so much pain.

So after all these years, I’ve learned to persevere through anything knowing that the solution might come years after the problem enters your life. I’ve learned how to cherish my health knowing that the days I’m not in pain are considered a blessing. But the most important thing I’ve learned, this I believe more than anything. No matter how long it takes, I believe in the pursuit of happiness. Some problems in your life can last for years. But those struggles should never discourage you, weaken you, or cripple you. You learn to enjoy every amazing moment.  You learn to be grateful for everything you are given. You learn, after years of struggling, how to be happy.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


16
Jan 13

This I Believe draft

When I was young, I learned early on that sports were one of the things that gave me complete and utter joy.

But when I was 10, I felt this deep, throbbing pain in my right shoulder at swim practice. The pain gradually increased until I finally broke down crying on the side of the pool, nursing my useless shoulder. At the time, the doctors thought it was growing pains, but the pain continued to persist for years. During that time, we tried every imaginable test, treatment, and physical therapy but the pain lived on. The doctors eventually announced that I had a rare medical condition called Thoracic Outlet Syndrome. The problem was that I had an extra cyst in my shoulder. There was no surgery they could perform and there was no known treatment that could permanently fix it.

During the next five years, pain became my life. That familiar deep, throbbing sensation in my shoulder was what I came to expect every day. Sometimes, my hands would tremble in the middle of class and my vision would blur because of the strain my body had to withstand. It was five long years until I actually found a medication that worked and even then the medication did not eliminate the problem but merely covered it up for an extended period of time.

But with the medication, the pain became tolerable. Never once in those five years did I stop playing sports. I loved running and basketball more anything and I promised myself that I would never give up the things that made me happy. Even if it meant passing out on the sidelines after I played a basketball game without stop. Even if I crossed the finish life shaking and in tears because I was forcing my body to endure so much pain.

When I look back on my life, I wouldn’t take back any of those awful, heart wrenching moments. All those moments made me who I am today. I’ve learned so many things from growing up with chronic pain. I’ve learned to persevere through anything even when the solution might come years after the problem enters your life. I’ve learned how to be compassionate toward others, knowing for years I had no one who really understood what I was going through. I’ve learned how to cherish my health because days when I’m not in pain are considered a blessing. But this I believe more than anything. No matter how long it takes, I believe in cherishing your happiness. All those years I was in pain and doubted if I could make it through and pitied myself over something I couldn’t control made me realize how hard life can be…if you let it. So I strive to realize the miracles in life, I strive to never give up that last shred of hope, and I strive to make each blessed day count just to ensure that my life is a blessed one, a daring one, a happy one.


10
Jan 13

This I Believe credo

For the This I Believe podcast I have a very specific incident that I would like to use. To be perfectly honest, it is an extremely personnel incident. Nonetheless, I feel like it would be foolish of me not use it. If I didn’t share this experience I would be ignoring an incredibly important part of my life, because everything I believe in has come from this one experience. I’ll get into the details later in my podcast, but to put it simply I’ve had medical problems since the tender age of ten. Truth be told, I’ll probably have medical problems till the day I die. That thought absolutely terrifies me, but I’ve learned over the years that fear should never hold you back. In fact, fear should be the thing that drives you to make your life worth living. Fear can be the very thing that forces you to stop wasting time, and realize what miracles you want to witness and what wonders you want to experience. That being said, I know I shouldn’t be scared of sharing my experience with all of you. On a side note, I say this to everyone who hears about my past. I am not looking for pity, nor do I expect to receive any. I simply know myself well enough to know that the bravest thing for me to do is share how I’ve had medical problems for most of my life and how those problems have shaped me into the person I am today.

 

Now for the civic issue choice! I chose gender, race, and sexuality (I do believe that is the title) and I am very excited about it. I was going to choose environment (typical), but I already know so much about that. I wanted to choose I topic I’ve always wanted to learn more about, ergo, that’s why I picked this specific topic. I’m pretty sure I’m going to focus a lot on gender and sexuality because due to personnel experiences I know I have a strong opinion on those topics. I look forward to hearing from the group!


01
Nov 12

TED talk outline

TED talk outline

 

–       I want you all to do me a favor, and just image a home-cooked meal. With fresh asparagus from the garden, warm, salted potatoes, creamy butter, and juicy, natural steak. A meal you would miss when you go off to college.

–       Before the rise of the fast food industry, this type of meal was considered the norm. People didn’t have to go out and search for organic produce or products that were high in nutrients. Before the rise of the fast food industry, the production, quality, and standard of food was completely different.

–       I have a very specific example, and it is the McDonald’s fast food chain. In 1975, the McDonald brothers invented the drive-thru, which revolutionized how people bought food. This food was fast, cheap, and tasted amazing to most consumers.

–       So McDonald’s invented this mock factory environment in all their restaurants. They trained all their employers to do one thing so they could, consequently, pay them less and produce more. Suddenly, all fast food chains acquired the same system of training.

–       Very quickly, the food industry was greatly influenced by this sudden demand for faster and cheaper food. The fast food industries became the leading purchasers of beef, pork, potatoes, apples, and tomatoes. This caused farmers and food companies to subsidize crops, such as corn and soybeans, in order to mass-produce processed food.

–       Consequently, because all these processed foods are made from reengineered subsidies unhealthy products, such as chips, soda, and fast food, have become cheaper.

–       Since the market has become so skewed toward these “bad calories” a class of consumers has arisen. The food market is forcing low-income families to feed their children fast food simply because it is cheaper than organic produce.

–       Due to this change in consumerism, the newest predictor of obesity is income level. Looking at these charts, there is a clear correlation between poverty level and obesity rates in specific areas of the country.

–       And yet nearly 60 percent of all Americans are either overweight or obese, and the number of weight loss programs and weight loss surgeries increase every year.

–       Child obesity has reached an all-time high in America and scientists predict that one in every three children born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes in their lifetime.

–       The paradigm shift in the quality and standard of food has caused obesity to become an epidemic in America and consumer’s health are genuinely at risk when it comes to ingesting these products.

–       Without the fast food industries influence, low-income households would not be forced to resort to buying inexpensive, processed foods and many consumers would live healthier lifestyles fueled by organic, wholesome products.

 

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/susan-blumenthal/poverty-obesity_b_1417417.html

 


24
Oct 12

“The Rise of the Fast Food Nation.”

Kim Jurczyk                                                                                                           Jurczyk 1

Lori Bedell

CAS 137H

10/22/12

 

Throughout mankind’s history, humans have acquired, grown, and hunted for food simply as a means to stay healthy and survive. Now with the turn of the century, a paradigm shift has occurred where humans actually receive too many calories from unhealthy, genetically modified food that, consequently, has created a health and weight crisis in America. Now, people can no longer afford natural foods that sustain their health, but rather are forced to purchase foods that cause illnesses from diseases that didn’t exist before the influence of the fast food industry, such as E. Coli 0157: H7. Because of the entrepreneurial success of fast food and the demand it created, the production, standard, and quality of food has drastically changed, therefore, causing unhealthy, inexpensive, and genetically altered foods to become the norm. Consequently, a class system of consumers has emerged where cost makes natural, whole foods  inaccessible to those with low income, therefore, compromising the consumer’s health.

The rise of the fast food industry came into being in 1975 when the McDonald brothers introduced the revolutionary idea of the “drive thru”, which would hypothetically cut costs and increased revenue for the business (“About McDonald’s.”) Suddenly, car hops and waiters disappeared, ushering in a new way of acquiring food where people purchased food more quickly and at a much cheaper price. Because of the demand for faster food, McDonald’s decided to create a mock factory environment in all their restaurants, which forced all McDonald’s employees to be trained to do one act repeatedly. More and more restaurants were built with this kind of system and by 1983 McDonald’s had enormously increased production, establishing 7, 778 restaurants in over 32 different countries (“About McDonald’s.”) This introduced a new way to market and sell fast food, which caused other fast food restaurants to use McDonald’s system. Wendy’s Old Fashioned Burgers mimicked this system in 1969 and quickly became the third largest fast food restaurant in the world with more than 6,700 restaurants in North America (Nottingham). Burger King, Taco Bell, and Arby’s also began mass-producing meals in order to sell large amounts of food for cheaper prices.

Thus, fast food chains became the leading purchaser of beef, pork, potatoes, apples, and tomatoes, which actually influenced how food companies grew and treated food (Food Inc.) By subsidizing produce, food companies could now sell enormous amounts of corn and soybeans at a fraction of the cost to big name companies such as McDonald’s, Burger King, and Wendy’s. Today, processed food is simply a rearrangement of corn that becomes additives in fast food, including high fructose corn syrup, cellulose, and xanthan gum (Food Inc.) The subsidization of these crops and the reengineering of corn and soybeans have actually caused unhealthy foods, such as soft drinks, chips, and fast food, to be cheaper than fruit and vegetables. Companies, also, created vast amounts of processed food because their shelf life is longer than that of organic products. This allows fast food companies to create products that can be frozen, shipped, and reheated in the restaurant in order to serve their customers products that taste the same everywhere.

This paradigm shift occurred over a long period of time and has, inevitably, forced low-income households to no longer feed their children organic produce because purchasing an item from a fast food restaurant has become cheaper than buying organic produce at the supermarket. Each day, 1 in 4 Americans visits a fast food restaurant, mainly because of the price of food (Super Size Me.) Before the shift, most families were eating at home and cooking for their families, consequently, spending more money on healthy foods that would assure their children received the necessary nutrients. Since the food market has become so skewed toward the “bad calories”, a class system of consumers has risen, consequently, causing children to be less health conscious and making the main predictor of obesity the families income level.

Due to this shift, an obesity crisis has risen in America not only because of the fast food industry but, also, because of the changes in the consumer’s lifestyles. Many parents feed their children fast food at an early age, which causes the children to become dependent on these unhealthy foods. Child obesity has reached an all-time high in America and scientists predict that one in every three children born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes in their lifetime (Super Size Me.) If left unabated, obesity will be the leading cause of preventable death only second to smoking. Obesity has been linked to several health problems such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, osteoarthritis, asthma, reproductive hormone abnormalities, and impaired fertility (Super Size Me). And yet nearly 60 percent of all Americans are either overweight or obese, and the number of weight loss programs and weight loss surgeries increase every year.

Many people have questioned the fast food industries ethics in serving customers genetically modified produce and food that legitimately causes health related problems. The meat packing companies have been know to cleanse their products with ammonia hydroxide simply to kill a disease called E. Coli 0157: H7 that was created by forcing cows to feed on corn instead of grass (Food Inc.) Because of the fast food industries success and the subsidization of corn, animals are being forced to eat something that they are biologically incapable of digesting. This causes the cow to become sick with E. Coli, which if ingested by a customer can cause severe illness and even lead to death. Several health programs have been created as a response to the obesity crisis, such as the Let’s Move program that promotes healthier lifestyles for children growing up in America. But without the fast food companies influence, most of these weight loss programs, surgeries, and corporations wouldn’t be necessary to ensure healthier generations.

Because of the influence of fast food companies, food has been reengineered and subsidized causing consumers to be forced to either search for organic foods or resort to buying inexpensive, processed foods. The paradigm shift in the quality and standard of food has caused obesity to become an epidemic in America and consumer’s health are genuinely at risk when it comes to ingesting these products. Without the fast food industries success, the changes in our food might not have come into being and many consumers would live healthier lifestyles fueled by organic, wholesome products.

Citations

Nottingham, Dacy. “Wendy’s Old Fashioned Hamburgers.” When Did It Happen?. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Oct 2012. <http://whendidithappen.com/wdih/restaurants/1960.htm>.

 

Spurlock, Morgan, dir. Super Size Me. 2004. Film. 18 Oct 2012.

 

Kenner, Robert, dir. Food Inc.. 2008. Film. 18 Oct 2012.

 

“McDonald’s History.” About McDonald’s. McDonald’s, 2012. Web. Web. 23 Oct. 2012. <http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company/mcdonalds_history_timeline.html>.


18
Oct 12

The Paradigm Shift of Food

Outline for Food Paradigm Shift

Thesis: Because of entrepreneur success and the demand it created, the production, standard, and quality of food has drastically changed. Consequently, the change in the food industry has created classes of consumers, and negatively impacting the health of its customers.

Historical content

Before

–       Attitudes: Most people felt a sense of control when it came to choosing the variety of foods they consumed. Most people were, also, reassured that the foods they were consuming were organic, wholesome, and healthy products that didn’t negatively affect their health. This is because consumers were aware of where their food was coming from and what was used to grow, package, and distribute.

–       Network of interpretations:

–       Commonplaces: People didn’t have to search for organic, healthy foods because these were considered the norm. Most people did not have diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, or possibility of heart disease due to obesity issues.

–       Associated behaviors: Food took a longer time to prepare and you ate produce based on the season. People cooked at home and ate with their family every day of the week. Eating out at a restaurant was reserved for special occasions and was not done on a weekly basis. Because of this, most people were healthier and did not tire from daily activities like some people do now

After

–       Attitudes: The average consumer feels very little control when it comes to the quality of the products. Now companies force consumers to be ignorant of the quality of food and where there food comes from. Eating fast food on a daily basis has now become the norm and kids are becoming addicted to fast food or developing bad eating habits at a young age due to the changes in the food industry.

–       Network of interpretations: Most people consider eating fast food on a weekly the norm for their family.

–       Commonplaces: The average meal travels 1500 miles from the farm to the supermarket. 70% of processed food has some sort of genetically modified organism. 90% of the processed food products contain either a corn or soybean ingredient.

–       Associated behaviors: It is now illegal to criticize food products.

Triggers

–       Events: The need for cheaper, faster food. The success of the drive-through

–       People: Farmers, business owners, corporations, food industry

–       Technology: drive-through/delivery, GM crops, patented genes.

Meat and Poultry Pathogen Reduction and Enforcement Act

To protect public health by clarifying the authority of the Secretary of Agriculture to prescribe performance standards for the reduction of pathogens in meat, meat products, poultry, and poultry products processed by establishments receiving inspection services and to enforce the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) System requirements, sanitation requirements, and the performance standards. (introduced in 2005 but was not enacted) (“govtrack.us”)

Citations

. “H.R. 3160 (109th): Meat and Poultry Pathogen Reduction and Enforcement Act.” govtrack.us. Civic Impulse, LLC. Web. 16 Oct 2012. <http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/109/hr3160

. “Veggie Libel Laws: Attempts At Silencing Animal Rights Advocates.” Civil Liberties Defense Center. N.p., 09 2012. Web. 16 Oct 2012. <http://cldc.org/2012/01/09/aeta-veggie-libel/>.

(“Civil Liberties Defense Center”)

Spurlock, Morgan, dir. Super Size Me. 2004. Film. 18 Oct 2012.

(Super Size Me)

Kenner, Robert, dir. Food Inc.. 2008. Film. 18 Oct 2012.

(Food Inc.)

 


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