Do black holes remember what they are made of?

We study the ringdown signal of black holes formed in prompt-collapse binary neutron star mergers. We analyze data from 48 numerical relativity simulations. We show that the (=2,m=2) and (=2,m=1) multipoles of the gravitational wave signal are well fitted by decaying damped exponentials, as predicted by black-hole perturbation theory. We show that the ratio of the amplitude in the two modes depends on the progenitor binary mass ratio q and reduced tidal parameter Λ. Unfortunately, the numerical uncertainty in our data is too large to fully quantify this dependency. If confirmed, these results will enable novel tests of general relativity in the presence of matter with next-generation gravitational-wave observatories.

Ratio of the amplitude of the (ℓ = 2, m = 1) and (ℓ = 2, m = 2) QNMmodes, A21/A22, as a function of binary mass ratio q and tidal parameter Λ. The surface shows the tentative fit of Eq. (5). The vertical lines show the distance between the data and the fit. Residuals are also shown in Fig. 7
Ratio of the amplitude of the (ℓ = 2, m = 1) and (ℓ = 2, m = 2) QNM modes, A21/A22, as a function of binary mass ratio q and tidal parameter Λ. The surface shows the tentative fit of Eq. (5). The vertical lines show the distance between the data and the fit. Residuals are also shown in Fig. 7