In my last blog I talked about the eight-glasses-of-water-a-day Rule and that’s not enough theoretically. Experts say now we even need more than 8 glasses of water. However, it’s not realistic to drink that much water since the average of water intake per person in U.S. did not even reach 5 cups a day as I mentioned in my previous blog.
The truth is most of us never drunk that much water in one day before but still, we are healthy and not sick. So, obviously, it is not the end of the world if you fail to drink over 8 glasses of water per day. As a result, how on earth do we know whether our body is properly hydrated? Rather than religiously documenting every ounce of fluid intake, just constantly drink water when you can.Also the same study shows that people tend to drink more at home. So maybe just bring a water bottle with you all the time when you are out and that way you will just keep drinking water because you just can’t help it!( I did it all the time)

Another popular statement about knowing when to drink water is that you drink only by the time you are thirsty, you are already dehydrated. However,on the contrary, thirst begins when the concentration of blood has risen by less than two percent, whereas most experts would define dehydration as beginning when that concentration has risen by at least five percent. Another common stated sign that suggest you should drink more water is “observe” your urine and if the color is dar, you need more water. This is debatable statement as well. According to a research paper from University of Dartmouth, “dark urine doesn’t necessarily mean you are dehydrated.Whether or not this statement is correct will depend on how dark the urine is, because the depth of color in urine will vary inversely with the urinary volume”. At normal urinary volume and color, the concentration of the blood is within the normal range and nowhere near the values that are seen in meaningful dehydration.

Last but not the least, here are some side effects of not drinking enough water.

Moderate 

• headache,cold hands and feet,problems concentrating,drowsiness,fainting

Severe

• rapid breathing, confusion,diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. shock, collapse or unconsciousness,coma and death

So the bottom line is to DRINK LOTS OF WATER!!!!!

References

http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/80400530/pdf/DBrief/7_water_intakes_0508.pdf

http://www.waterindustry.org/Water-Facts/dehydration-1.htm

https://geiselmed.dartmouth.edu/news/2002_h2/pdf/8×8.pdf

http://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/side-effects/dehydration

How many glasses of water did you drink today? If the answer is zero, you’d better get your butt out of the chair and drink some water.People used to say that you can survive a day without food, but you can’t make it without water.Institute of Medicine sets general guidelines for total water intake. Women should consume a total of 91 ounces (2.7 liters, 11 cups) per day – from all food and beverages combined. For men, it’s about 125 ounces a day ( 3.7 liters, 15 cups). If your water intake per day is below the average, you might have a chance being dehydrated. Water is the most essential element for life! And today I wanna to reveal some truths about drinking water.

         Maybe most of you guys know the one apple a day keeps doctor away also heard about the eight-glasses-of-water-a-day rule. But, There are no good scientific studies to support the eight-by-eight rule!!! The origins of this recommendation date back to 1945. The original guidelines actually came from a misinterpretation of a recommendation from the Food and Nutrition Board. According to the recommendation, it is believed that a person should drink 1/5 teaspoon of water for each calorie the person consumes. The average diet at the time was approximately 1900 calories, meaning you needed about 64 ounces of water per day. However, with the development of our life standard,according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010, men ages 19 and older reported consuming an average of 2,640 calories and women reported consuming an average of 1,785 calories each day based on national survey. So the average  now is higher than 70 years ago. Even though about 25% of the water you consume comes from your food, 64 ounces of water(eight glasses of water) are not enough based on the calculation.

However, drinking more than 8 glasses of water seem kind of unrealistic. According to a research done by U.S. Department Of Agriculture,Agricultural Research Service,Beltsville and Human Nutrition Research Center, the average of water intake per person in U.S. did not even reach 5 cups a day.
So how do you know whether your body is properly hydrated? Please read my next blog. 

References

http://www.ars.usda.gov/SP2UserFiles/Place/80400530/pdf/DBrief/7_water_intakes_0508.pdf

http://www.doctoroz.com/blog/leigh-vinocur-md-facep/how-much-water-do-you-really-need

http://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/daily-water-intake/

http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/03/how-much-water-do-people-drink/273936/

        How much sleep did you have last night? Did you stay up late to do homework or just played video games. According to the university health center of university of Georgia, on average, college students get  6 – 6.9 hours of sleep per night. Lets take a step back and think about how much sleep a college students need. Another study from Stanford university shows that college students need well over eight hours sleep every night. So obviously, most of us don’t get enough sleep. 

        A recent study from Journal of Neuroscience on March 20 shows that extended wakefulness may lead to a loss of brain cells. Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania put mice under an irregular sleep schedule to see the effects on the mechanics of the brain. The research put mice into three periods of normal rest, short wakefulness, or extended wakefulness. And it turns out that 25 percent of the locus coeruleus was permanently damaged which is an important area in brain that takes charge of alertness and cognitive thinking. More importantly, study shows that  no amount of sleep binging will be able to fix the damaged zone!!!

      The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) introduced the Sleep Disorders Questionnaire in 2005 for participants 16 years of age and older.

Take a look at this graph. There are a lots of sleep- related unhealthy behaviors. Among U.S. adults, 13.5% reported three or more sleep- related difficulties. Overall, the greatest percentage (23.2%) reported was the difficulty of concentrating on things because they didn’t get enough sleep which means they are too tired and sleepy to concentrate on things. Other than concentrating, people also reported they had difficulty remembering things (18.2%) and difficulty working on hobbies (13.3%) for the same reason. Difficulty driving or taking public transportation, taking care of financial affairs, or performing employed or volunteer work because of sleepiness or tiredness was reported by 11.3%, 10.5%, and 8.6% of respondents, respectively. Other than these unhealthy behaviors,there are more severe health problem. lack of sleep may lead to obesity, heart diseases,diabetes,immune function and mood disorders. 

  So, here are some tips for you guys to sleep better. 

1.  Exercise regularly, but not after the early evening
2. Don’t use electronics.  
3. Make your bed a place just for sleep.
4. Don’t eat within two or three hours of your planned bedtime
5. Limit afternoon naps to one hour or less

Enjoy your sleep~

References

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/PDF/wk/mm6008.pdf

http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/matters/consequences/sleep-and-disease-risk

https://www.uhs.uga.edu/sleep/

http://sleepfoundation.org/sleep-topics/teens-and-sleep

http://www.uphs.upenn.edu/news/News_Releases/2014/03/veasey/

http://studenthealth.oregonstate.edu/tips-getting-good-sleep

I bet I am not the only one. If I don’t have my phone around me, I panic. Nowadays, almost everyone owns a phone and lots of us are even addicted to cell phones. We feel insecure without our phones. However, do you know that there might be a concern with using cell phone for a long term. A New research reveals that there is a 300% Increased brain cancer risk for long-term users of cell phones. How terrifying is that!!!

Before talking about the connection between cell phone and cancers, let’s recall some material we have covered in class. Remember one time we discussed the cigarette and lung cancer? 50 years ago, smoking became the most popular trend in United States and almost half of Americans smoked regularly. Meanwhile, some doctors noticed that more and more people were getting lung cancers. When scientists first stated that smoking can cause lung cancer, not many people brought this theory, especially with all those cigarette advertisement from doctors.  And we all know how this story ended. Smoking does strongly link to lung cancer. It took 50 years for people to realize this problem. So, the statement of cell phone causing  brain cancer in a long term  may be like the statement 50 years ago ” smoking causes lung cancer”.  So even though you think cell phone using may link to brain cancer this idea is absurd, think twice. 

        Now lets go back to the meat of this blog. As I mentioned earlier, the new study reveals that long-term users of cell phone have 300% Increased brain cancer risk. The study tracked down two groups of people and people in the first group used cell  phones for more than one year and people in second group used cell phone less than a year. It turned out that one-year cell phone users had a 70% greater risk of brain cancer compared to those who used cell phones less than a year. Those who used cell phones  for more than 25 years were found to have a 300% greater risk of brain cancer than those who used cell phones less than a year. That’s 300% more!!!!!

 Moreover, the study found that the total number of hours of cell phone is as important as the number of years of use.  cell phone users who used about 40 minutes a day over ten years had a 250% greater risk of brain tumors compared to those who’d never used cell phones or used them for less than 39 hours in their lifetime. 

Surprisingly, while doing my research, no other studies prove that there might be a correlation between cell phones and brain cancers.  But this one and only study didn’t face the file drawer problem which means it does provide something valuable. Although there is no clear answer whether long term cell phone use will lead to brain cancers, scientists gave some explanations for why it might happen. The most common one is that cell phones emit radio frequency energy (radio waves), a form of non-ionizing radiation. Tissues nearest to where the phone is held can absorb this energy. Radio frequency energy is a form of electromagnetic radiation radiation that contains ionizing  and non-ionizing. And Exposure to ionizing radiation, such as from radiation therapy, is known to increase the risk of cancer.

References:

http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Risk/cellphones

http://www.naturalnews.com/042323_brain_cancer_risk_cell_phones_mobile_devices.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/10853688/Do-mobile-phones-cause-brain-tumours.html

No one likes to hear it, but it’s worse not to know it: You have bad breath. To not let this awkward thing happen, you gotta take good care of your teeth. First thing to do so is to brush your teeth regularly. According to a research ,62% of participants said they went to a dentist every six months.And 71% said they brushed their teeth twice a day. So what’s your number here?

It is really often that we get up in the morning and realize we have bad breath.Even though we didn’t eat anything before bed,we still got unpleasant breath in the morning.  As a matter of fact, bad breath is caused by odor-producing bacteria that grow in the mouth. Luckily, if you don’t have bad breath that’s because you brush and floss regularly. HOWEVER, if are too lazy to brush your teeth, bacteria can accumulate on the bits of food left in your mouth and that’s the most common way that people get bad breath. 

More importantly, other than breath problem, brushing teeth will help prevent heart disease. 

Moreover,brushing teeth will help prevent Gum disease. More teeth are lost because of gum problems than because of tooth decay. And brushing teeth regularly can effectively prevent this disease. 

So, here are some tips how you should brush your teeth.

• Clean the outer surfaces of your upper teeth, then your lower teeth
• Clean the inner surfaces of your upper teeth, then your lower teeth
• Clean the chewing surfaces
• For fresher breath, be sure to brush your tongue, too

References

http://www.colgate.com/app/CP/US/EN/OC/Information/Articles/Oral-and-Dental-Health-Basics/Oral-Hygiene/Brushing-and-Flossing/article/How-to-Brush.cvsp

http://www.knowyourteeth.com/infobites/abc/article/?abc=b&iid=291&aid=1134

http://www.bbc.com/news/10176410

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2492311/Regularly-brushing-teeth-lowers-risk-heart-attacks-strokes.html

http://www.orawellness.com/blog/how-to-brush-your-teeth-to-reduce-gum-disease/

           After learning about the horrible thalidomide scandal, I was wondering are there any other medical scandals like this one. I did some research and found this Elixir Sulfanilamide mass poisoning case.

           Around 1937, a US manufacturer of pharmaceutical company called S.E. Massengill Company claimed they have produced a type of very powerful and effective pill that can treat colds, flu symptoms and strep, then in later that year, they developed a raspberry flavored liquid form of the pill that they called the “Elixir Sulfanilamide”. Then they put this elixir into markets and it was sold in drugs store around the country. Plus!!!Anyone can purchase this medicine without t prescription!!! By October 11, 1937 the AMA(American Medical Association) got reports that saying the elixir caused several deaths. Soon enough, FDA rounded up all bottles of the Elixir. As a result, 105 people died from ingesting the toxic liquid. Furthermore, FDA promulgates the policy later that sulfanilamide and selected other dangerous drugs must be administered under the direction of a qualified expert, thus launching the requirement for prescription only (non-narcotic) drugs.

           One thing about this tragedy happened was because no one really performed any experiment on this medicine.  Although animal testing should have been routine in most drug company operations, Massengill performed none and there were no regulations requiring pre-market safety testing of new drugs. All the patients who had this medicine all experienced similar symptoms, characteristic of kidney failure: stoppage of urine, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stupor, and convulsions.

         Before S.E. Massengill company produced this liquid medicine, this medicine was originally in tablets. However, the taste of this medicine was not that good. In attempting to prepare a liquid form of sulfanilamide had discovered that the drug would dissolve in diethylene glycol, a compound with a somewhat sweet taste similar to raspberries. When the mixture was tested for taste, appearance, and fragrance, it was found to be acceptable. Surprisingly, the company did not bother to test for toxicity. The reasons why taking this drug is so fatal is because diethylene glycol, a chemical customarily employed as an antifreeze, was a deadly poison and known to be such by the FDA. However, Massengill made no pre-sale examination of the drug’s safety nor was it customary for the FDA to conduct such tests, although to do so was within their warrant.

Again, this tragedy gave people a lot to think about. When we are given certain types of medicine, are they really safe or should we do our research first?

References

http://www.independent.org/pdf/policy_reports/2010-02-10-fda.pdf

http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/35714/title/The-Elixir-Tragedy–1937/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elixir_sulfanilamide

http://www.ashp.org/menu/News/PharmacyNews/NewsArticle.aspx?id=1443

        One in five Americans admit they have peed in a pool. So, have you? I used to see a funny sign a pool manager posted around pools. it said” We don’y swim in your toilet. Don’t pee in our pool!” Funny right? Meanwhile , very distributing and disgusting to ever imagine to swim in people’s pee! Whenever we use a public bathroom, we couldn’t be more careful.  We try to not touch the toilet seat, use only one finger to press down the flush bottom. And now, if you ever go to a swimming pool, that’s like putting your head inside a toilet.

       On average, a person leaves about 30 to 80 milliliters of urine behind each time they visit the pool. It’s very disgusting to swim in a pool of pee, but more importantly, Peeing in the pool creates chemicals toxic enough to be classified as chemical warfare agents. As I mentioned the survey earlier, one in five Americans have admitted to peeing in a public swimming pool. The same survey found that 43 percent of Americans have skipped taking a shower before going for a swim, 11 percent have swam with a runny nose, and 8 percent have swam with an open cut.

A recent study shows that when urine meets chlorine, the water in pool will become toxic. Chlorine, a common used chemical for pool owners to kill disease-causing microbes and prevent swimmers from getting sick. This is what happens. When urine mix with Chlorine, it can create trichloramine (NCI3)and cyanogen chloride(CNCl). Cyanogen here is especially dangerous.  This is a gas that could be harmful to the central nervous system, heart, and lungs when inhaled. According to the study, uric acid could be linked to 24 percent to 68 percent of this chemical byproduct in pool. 

Other than urine issues, according to the same survey, less than one-third of Americans (32%) always shower before entering a public swimming pool.And 22 % of Americans never shower before going to a swimming pool. However, 93% ( most of Americans report they would never share other people’s bath water. However, 44% Americans don’t think its necessary to shower before go to a pool. Where is the logic there??? If you go straight into a pool without a shower, you may be spreading your skin disease to others. Moreover, people have about 0.14 grams of feces on their bottoms and when they enter the pool, they can contaminate pool water.

After reading this, do you still think you will go to a public swimming pool ?

 References

http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/29/4/690.full.pdf

http://www.ctvnews.ca/health/health-headlines/do-i-have-to-shower-before-swimming-pool-safety-questions-answered-1.1346881

http://healthypools.org/files/WQHC_swimmer_hygiene_survey_results.pdf

http://www.insidershealth.com/article/is_it_safe_to_pee_in_the_pool_and_other_gross_pool_issues/4753

http://www.cnn.com/2009/HEALTH/05/22/pools.urinate.hygiene/index.html?_s=PM:HEALTH

I had a weird dream last night. In my dream, it was raining heavily and I shared an umbrella with my best friend. However, suddenly my friend told me ” your shoulder is too broad, get out of the umbrella”. And this is my best friend I am talk about. In reality, I don’t think she will do this to me.However, in dreams, everything is possible.

I know many of you also think dreams are weird. And here are some ways to interpret our dreams. First. let’s talk about some commons dreams that people always dream of and the meanings behind these dreams.

The first one is falling. Many of you might experience falling from high above in the sky and you wake up catching your breath. This is a very common dream and is said to symbolize insecurities and anxiety. I won’t be surprised if you have this dream right before a big test or exam. And it also means that you get a feeling you may fail something. Another common dream is being naked in public. We might have this dream at different points in our life. And this dream can suggest that you are trying to hide something or you are not prepared for it. If this dream pop to head, the best thing you can do is get yourself prepared for whatever you need.

        Another thing about dreaming is that people say dreams are always opposite of reality. I remember when I was in high school, I dreamed about failing my tests all the time. On the contrary, those tests actually all ended very well. There is no scientific explanation  for this. In my opinion, we dream about something usually because we care about it. Meanwhile, we fear to loss things that we care. And normally, if we really care about something, we work hard for it. As a result, we are anxious about it and dream about it in a bad result but have an good result in the reality. 

At seven o’clock on Monday last week, I walked into Pollock commons and grabbed a box of captain crunch. With a glass of orange juice, that was my breakfast. As simply as that, for ten minutes while I was eating my breakfast, I wasn’t worrying about the math test I had to take that day. In a word, breakfast saved my morning. And breakfast can save your mornings as well. So now I am trying to let you guys know why we should always have breakfast.

I, personally, never skip breakfast. And I have a good reason for that. 6 years ago, my grandfather went in hospital because of the kidney stone.  My grandfather always seemed healthy and energetic but  I remembered during the time he was hospital, he was so weak that I barely recognized him. When I asked  why my grandfather would get kidney stone, the doctors couldn’t  come into a conclusion at the beginning because my grandfather had a healthy life style. However, doctors soon found out my grandfather never ate breakfast. And skipping breakfast is a main reason why people get kidney stone.

According to a study form Harvard University, each day 31 million Americans skip their breakfast which means 1 of ten Americans skip the one essential step of being healthy every day. Why do I say that? If you are trying to lose weight, you should know that people who skip breakfast  on a regular bases will 4.2 points more likely to be obsess than those who eat breakfast everyday. Those who ate cereal occasionally have a 13% higher risk of being overweight compared to the regular cereal eaters.   Another research group analyzed government data on 4,200 adults. They found that regular breakfast eaters were more likely to exercise regularly. And women who ate breakfast regularly tended to eat fewer calories overall during the day. Those men and women who ate breakfast cereal had lower overall fat intake — compared to those who ate other breakfast foods. If you have concentration problem, you should also know that adults who ate breakfast enjoyed increased concentration and productivity.  For students who eat breakfast, they tend to perform better in school and they have better eye-hand coordination, increased ability to concentrate, better problem solving skills and are more alert and creative.  What’s more, Eating breakfast will help you make better food choice. Breakfast is a good opportunity to take in important nutrients such as calcium, potassium, and fiber and breakfast provides good fuel for your brain to have better in academic performance. It also sets a good nutritional tone for the rest of the day.

Last night, I was bored and browsing videos on my phone and suddenly one of Michelle Phan’s beauty video caught my attention. The video is about DIY a mask by using eggs. I have been obsessed with these beauty videos especially those DIY ones.  Girls, I think some of you DIY you own mask from time to time as well. We do this because we see these DIY beauty videos not only on YouTube but also on TV sometimes. As a result, we get this feeling that” why not? making my own mask sounds fun and it might work.” So lets talk about some theories behind these DIY masks. Honey mask, one of the most popular homemade mask, contains hundreds of beneficial compounds, antibacterial, antihistamine, antioxidant. Yogurt mask contains good bacteria,Calcium,Sodium.Lemon mask contains plenty of vitamins C. Now the question is can our skin really absorb these nutrition? And the answer is no. Some nutrition from these common used masks can not be absorb effectively through your skin, instead we need to break them down and then use them and the process can be extremely difficult.

Moreover, while thinking home-made mask actually work, we rarely ask ourselves whether this is safe or not. After I finished the video, I searched the nutrition fact of raw egg white.

According to this nutrition facts sheets, we can see that egg white contains great amount of protein. However, animal protein is bot good for us because animal protein that made with tallow, fat or milk can clog our pores and lead to infections. And some infections can be severe if the person affected is prone to acne. Spread pure animal protein contaminated with bacteria, and possibly Salmonella in the form of egg white on your face may have some bad consequences. Still not believe it? think about this way, every time we eat an egg, we don’t just simply crack an egg into your mouth without cooking it. If eating a raw egg can harm our body, how can we put such thing directly on our faces?

Despite egg mask, other home-made masks have the same problem,  some ingredients can be ineffective and unstable.  For example, our skin has a pH of roughly 4.5-5, so its crucial to know the pH value of some of your “skincare” mask  . Some common used fruits in our masks contain acids such as limes, oranges and apples. Even though some of these fruits may contain less acids but you can’t really tell until its too late. Acids, even natural ones, can burn the skin.

Next time if you want to apply a home-made mask on your face, ask yourself do you want to eat it that way. If your answer is no, then you probably do not want to use it on your face!

 References

http://healthmunsta.hubpages.com/hub/DIY-Homemade-Face-Mask-Beautiful-Skin

http://www.byvalenti.com/blog/beauty/diy-egg-white-mask-and-why-is-so-bad-for-your-skin/ 

I believe you’ve all seen this scene in movies. A new-born baby’s parent look exhausted during the daytime and complain about his or her baby just won’t stop crying at night.No matter what action parent takes, the baby always keeps them awake. In real life, this situation does happen and it happens ALL THE TIME. You can ask your mom if you don’t believe it.

So, why? Why on earth do babies cry all the time at nights? One of the most popular theories is that babies are hungry. But, have you ever given a second thought to this theory?  Since babies can not really express their feelings before they gain the verbal ability, it is hard to tell if a baby is hungry or he or she just has a devious plan planed out. For example, babies purposely wake up their parents at night. This concept may sound a little bit crazy at first but if you dig into this theory, you will find logic in it. A study by Harvard University’s David Haig said this ” The baby is delaying the conception of a sibling by keeping Mom exhausted and not ovulating”  In fact, we can never tell if babies are born evil, but we can think that babies doing this for his or her own good. First of all, babies who tend to cry more at night are more likely to pass along their genes to the next generation. And this means it fits the evolutionary biology according to the same study. In other words, this means “the drive to wake Mom (or Dad) up is an evolutionary one: Babies that scream and suckle in the wee hours are more likely to survive and have children themselves.”(same study)

On the other hand, we cannot neglect some other factors may lead babies to cry for milk at nights. A study shows that there are some benefits of nighttime feeding. One of the reason for babies crying at time is that babies are born with no established circadian rhythms.They can’t tell if it is day or night time and it takes time for them to develop the sense of time table. Moreover, the study shows that babies do not make that much melatonin by themselves early on. Mothers’ nighttime breastmilk contains great amount of melatonin (Source) . With all these evidences, scientists believe that babies wake up their parents to feed them in order to obtain melatonin and develop their circadian cycles. Despite the benefit from melatonin, other studies show that nighttime breastfeeding benefits also include keeping a mom’s long-term milk production steady and strong and breastfeeding moms actually get MORE sleep than their formula-feeding counterparts.

This is just another topic we can’t really find out the truth in a short time. We could if we set up a long term experiment to study those babies who wake their parents up and those who don’t. However, this experiment seems impractical because of multiple uncertain reasons.

Have you heard of the phase” the seven-year itch?” If you see the movie starred by Marilyn Monroe, you might understand what this phase means then. The seven-year itch is a psychological term that suggests that happiness in a relationship declines after around year seven of a marriage. But Do you know why? The existence of this phenomenon is not a mysterious marriage curse but has a scientific explanation. Even though there are still different theories about this seven year itch phenomenon, we can not deny that  “crazy in love” feelings normally does not last forever in marriage life.  There is a new research about the three different stages of the chemical that are produced during a marriage. The first stage is the crazy in love stage. When two people fall in love, a chemical called dopamine (here is a video!!!dopamine and love)will run over your body especially your mind to give you that exciting, romantic feelings that makes you believe you can be the main characters in a romantic movie.  So the problem is what will happen if dopamine go away? Will those madly in love couples still have feelings for each other?  In real life,the second stage shows that many couples lose that feelings when dopamine rushes subside and this usually happens after two years of marriage. The last stage is the bottle neck period. A study by University of Michigan and Stony Brook University found that Boredom can become the fatal point in a marriage. The study found that couples who reported feelings of boredom in their marriage during year seven, also reported less happiness and marital satisfaction nine years later. As a result,researchers concluded that feeling boredom during year seven of marriage can be a main reason why so many marriage ends in its seventh year because it reduces the marriage satisfaction. 

But what about those marriages succeeded in battling seven years itch? Scientists find chemicals behind the lasting marriage.In a lasting marriage, couples intend to produce bonding or attachment chemicals that help keep them feeling romance for the other partner. The study shows that “Even after the lust is a distant memory. After sex, our brains are filled with the attachment hormone oxytocin, which helps bond partners for the long-term. This could be a reason why couples who report more frequent sexual encounters with one another tend to stick together longer and claim higher levels of marital satisfaction.” This explains why sexual encounters are beneficial to marriages.

So now we know that 7 years itch do happens, here are some tips to avoid the seven years itch. As I mentioned a research shows that boredom can be a fatal cause of divorce,it is important keep a marriage interesting. Maybe couples should do fun stuff together more frequently.  Second, always have faith in your partner and marriage!Because trust plays a huge part in a marriage. Last but not the least, you should always enjoy your marriage and become a better person for your partner!!!