Author Archives: Chucky Sosinski

The Bright Side

 

When most people think of Somalia the image of things like black hawk down comes to mind. They have no idea of the politics, culture, art, music, or even the beautiful locations that reside in the country. To the everyday person Somalia is just a disease-infested country that has continuous problems, and has to rely on the rest of the world to solve its issues with military action. Now to say that the country doesn’t have its share of problems would be a lie, but looking at all the bad without focusing on the good is one sided. There are still some people that even through the turmoil, attacks, and threats continue to move forward.

For instance, in 1991 Somalia, after their civil war split in two with Somaliland, residing in the Gulf of Aden. Since this divide Somaliland has held peaceful elections and has began to slowly grow. They have done so without the aid of foreign countries, because all the support goes only to Somalia. They have also done so without the recognition from other countries. They have been a self-declared country for 23 years with a functional political system and its own currency. This is a good example of strong willed people that are willing to progress against all odds.

The self- declared country also maintains its own national defense and helps maintain order in their region. They do so by effectively dealing with pirates, disarming aggressive militant tribal groups, and even have anti-terrorism laws set in place. Also even with the neglect of aid from outside sources Somaliland still contributes to public goods in key areas. These are things like basic security, the investment climate, and service delivery at the local level, and they do all this by taxation from local businesses.

Besides from the political situation there are also many beautiful things to be seen in Somaliland. There is the Sheikh Mountains and the bypass offers a host of natural attractions and extraordinary driving experience. In Berbera there is a coastal city, which serves as the biggest seaport for Somaliland. Activities on the coast include swimming, snorkeling, fishing, and scuba diving, and there is also the Hargeisa Zoo which houses a menagerie that includes lions, leopards, antelopes, birds and reptiles. These attractions can all be seen because Somaliland has tourist locations within the country that offer hotels and a variety of food.

Now a perception that I had before this article was dealing with food. It was not until I did some research that I discovered that Somali like many other nations has many different foods. For instance they have the sabaayad flatbread, which is a Somali flat bread made with flour cooked on a hot griddle, and it can be rolled with butter, sugar, or honey. A lot of other cuisines that Somalia has have been influenced by English, French, and Italian cuisines. However since Somalia and Somaliland are Muslim they do not use pork in any of there dishes.

Finally the last thing I will discuss is how all of this research has impacted my original thinking on the country. I’ve spent a lot of time near Somalia, and have had an image of what that region must have looked like. From all my travels and the countries that I have lived in I have learned that every country has its beautiful things. They all have their attractions, cultures, music, and the best of all foods. These experiences have allowed me to look at the world differently than most Americans that have never left the sanctity of the country. In conclusion Somalia like many other countries is one country I would like to visit, and experience their cultures in a different habituated environment.

Somalia Hope

This Video contains graphic images from the Somalian civil war. If you are unable to view such images i advise you to fast forward or to not watch the video.

The Dark &The Light

For this blog it’s been very difficult trying to find anticolonial revolutionary figures that hands are not stained in blood. When I started my search I typed in anticolonial revolutionary figures in Somalia, and my search led me to Hassan, and an essay by John P. Slight. The opening paragraph of this essay was very devastating, and explains the monstrosities that were committed. I felt that it was best to quote John P. Slight to give the readers a better understanding of the way I felt while reading.

“Since the start of Hassan’s jihad against unbelievers and insufficiently pious Muslims in 1899, the “Cinderella of the Empire” had suffered terribly. Hassan’s jihad caused “universal perdition”, with an estimated 200,000 deaths over twenty years in a territory of three million people. An estimated 30,000 alone died in three years as the result of internecine warfare after the British decided the cost of keeping the “Mad Mullah” in check was too burdensome, and withdrew to the coast in 1909. The withdrawal led Hassan to resume raiding Somali tribes in the protectorate. This, coupled with the British policy of arming these tribes to fend for them selves, contributed to the death toll. Hassan was condemned by the British, but a few of the same observers also grudgingly admired his determination and sustained resistance to imperial power.”

This information led me to seek out information on individuals in Somalia who had a positive influence on the country without it resulting in blood shed. Most of Somalia is still beginning to fix itself after their civil war, and they are currently divided, Somaliland to the north and Somalia to the south. Throughout my search I found many civil rights activists that have influenced Somalia in a positive way. However one of these individuals stood out among the rest was Asha Haji Elmi, a politician and peace activist. There are five major clans in Somalia the Rahanweyn, Darod, Dir, Hawiye and Isaaq. However in 2000 Ashe formed the Sixth clan, “the pan-Somali women’s movement”.

This individual strength intrigued me the more I read about her. During my reading I discovered this statement, “I was divided in two. My birth clan rejected me, because my husband was from a clan they were fighting. My husband’s clan considered me a spy and a stranger. Where do I belong? I realized the only identity no one could take away from me was being a woman. My only clan is womanhood.” Asha Haji Elmi and her husband tossed aside the cultural norm and started a powerful influential force. During the first Somali Peace and Reconciliation conference in 2002, the women were denied a seat at the table because men from the five clans were only recognized as officials. However a small cross-clan group of women led by Asha Haji Elmi demanded a place in the negotiations as representatives of Somalia’s sixth clan. The sixth clan was recognized for the first time in Somalia history showing women had representation in government. There are currently 22 women in Parliament.

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Colonization of Somalia

During the early colonization of Somalia there was a competition between multiple countries to seize Somalian territory. In the early 19th century England, France, Italy, Ethiopia, and Egypt all seized land from this country for their own agendas. This is similar to what happened in the Americas. Where there were three main countries Spain, England and France that claimed territories and even fought wars over them, as seen in the French and Indian war.  Egypt was the first player to seize territory in Somalia in 1875. However, 5 years later the British and French players pushed the Egyptians out of Somalia. This is also seen with the French that originally wanted a portion of Egypt for a coal station in order to strengthen international relations with china. However, they were unable to receive the territory so they occupied a portion of Somalia instead.  The French region was around Djibouti known as Côte Françcaise des Somalis and remained a colony until they gained their independence in 1977 becoming the Republic of Djibouti. This again is very similar to what happened in the Americas the colonies that were set by the occupying countries later became states, or in the case of South America and Canada, they became countries.somalia_colonial_map

After France had taken their portion it was between Italy, Britain, and Ethiopia to claim their portions. Ethiopia like every other African country was excluded from the Berlin Conference of 1884 and England and Italy divided the country. The English took the north and the Italians took the south. The English occupied the territory to the north in order to safe guard their trade route through the Suez Canal that had been open in 1869. This was a strategic location for their ships going back and forth from Asia. The Italians took a similar approach, because they needed a foothold along the Indian Ocean Coast. During colonization in both the Americas and Africa, occupation of key terrain is seen allot. The European countries were not only trying to take from the countries they were colonizing, but also compete against other European countries by blocking them off from territories or forcing them out. 

The other country that had their hand in the colonization of Somalia was Ethiopia. During the colonization period Ethiopia remained free from European occupation. The two countries shared the east and west boarders, which allowed Ethiopia to gain power over Somalia and become a treat to European Nations. Their leader Emperor Menelik II competed with Britain and Italy over Somalia territory claiming that it was part of Ethiopia. Emperor Menelik prevailed and received small divisions of the land that they competed over. A similar comparison to this would be that of the Native Americans during early colonization of the United States. In the 1700s the Natives fought against the Europeans, and continued resistance later as the colonist pushed west through their lands.        

            The one thing that Somalians weren’t effected on, that most countries in Africa during colonization period were, was slavery. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, going to Somalia for slaves was a waste in recourses for the western countries, because of the distance they would have to travel to collect them. They instead could go to closer locations to receive their slaves. The second reason was religion slavery was primarily based off racism. However the Somalia people were already engaged to Islam, so they shared the same religious beliefs as the Arabic countries that made them less acceptable to being enslaved. In conclusion Somalia and the Americas share many similarities in their colonization processes. It can be seen from the distribution of areas on the continent that later became states and countries to the defensive stance of the natives in those countries.

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Land of Punt: Ancient Somalia

Somalia can be dated back to the prehistoric era as far as 9,000 BC, and proof of this has been found in Laas Gaal caves. Archaeologists have found some of the earliest known rock paintings and descriptions on the African continent. However the texts written on the cave walls still haven’t been able to be deciphered. Also genetic research has proven that the Somalia DNA originates from Egypt. Ancient pyramid structures, tombs and stonewalls have been found in Somalia which brings about evidence of ancient sophisticated civilization.

Somalia was known as the Kingdom of Punt, which was an ancient society with their own writing system. The current language is also a survived ancient-Egyptian language. They also had trading relations with ancient Egypt and Mycenaean Greece since at least the 2nd millennium BC. Punt was sacred to the Egyptians because they supplied them with majority of there rice. Also, Egyptian ships could reach the shores of Somalia and obtain valuable goods like myrrh, ebony, and animals.

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The Egyptians would occasionally refer to the Land of as Ta-Netjeru, which meant the land of gods. Ancient Egypt believed that they had originated from the Land of Punt and there people migrated down stream of the Nile River to the lands of Egypt. They also state even their Queen Hatshepsut was also from the lands of Somalia. The Egyptian culture shaped allot of ancient Somalia’s religious beliefs, which I will be discussing next.

Dhaqan, which in the Somali language means religion, was established during the pre-islamic times, and was practiced as a complex Monotheistic belief. This belief was referenced to practice the worship of Eebe, which in Somali means God also referred to as Waaq. Waaq was said to have lived in the heavens, and whenever the Somalis successfully prayed for rain it was known as Bar-waaqo, which in Somali means God’s rain. The Ayaanle in Ancient Somalia were known as the good spirits or Angels and acted as mediators between God Eebe and humans. They were said to be bringers of luck and blessings from Eebe in Somalia what they call today is Ayaanlayaal. Hoobal was another God in the Somali Religion. Many old Somali folk songs still contain references to this God. The Somalis would say “Heedhe Hoobalwa”. There were many Gods to which the Somali people prayed to due to historical beliefs of different circumstances of praise and punishment. For example the messenger of Death, also known as Huur or Xuur, came in the form of a large bird, and was said to have played a similar role to the God Waaq. Nidar was the righter of wrong. He was considered the champion of those that were exploited by their fellow humans. This deity has survived in modern Somalia as a popular saying; Nidar Ba Ku Heli, which in translation means Nidar will find and punish you. These for the most part are the main religious standpoints in ancient Somali times, and to this day are still practiced and worshipped.

In closing, finding good sources for this site wasn’t very complicated as Google contains alot of information on this topic. Some of the sources that I used were www.flickr.com, Historical Relationships Between Ancient Egypt And the Land of Punt Somalia, and http://www.nairaland.com, The Ancient Religions of Eebe Waaq.

The Beauty of Somaliland

Somalia is a country located at the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Ethiopia to the west, and Kenya to the southwest. To its’ eastern and southern shores it is covered by the Golf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. Somalia’s terrains primarily consist of plateaus, plains, and highlands. The country is also one of the thirteen countries located on the Equator keeping the country’s climate warm all year round.

Somaliland is a part of Somalia that separated and formed an independent country. So far, their economy has been growing and waiting for further recognition from the rest of the world as a independent country. Somaliland remains rich in art and culture, with their own type of cultural and religious festivals. The country is primarily Sunni Muslim, which makes up the countries national identity.

Somaliland has great hotels like the Ambassadors Hotel, Safari Hotel, and Rays Hotel Borama located right on the oceanfront with great access to the beach and at extraordinary cheap rates. Each hotel has its own restaurants, and is fairly inexpensive dependent on the place you go. From one review from the Ambassadors Hotel a individual stated, “All meals start with a free bowl of vegetable soup and bread. Good soup, and I don’t even like soup. The menu is huge and everything is available. I tried lasagna, kebabs and steak. All were delicious. Salads are fantastic and fresh. I really enjoyed the Russian Salad. All non-alcoholic drinks are available including milkshakes. You can’t go wrong with whatever you order.”

During your daytime adventures Somaliland offers multiple places to exploring. From Laas Gaal Caves or Dhagax Kure rock paintings, where you can see cave paintings that are thousands of years old that are in extraordinary condition. Also, you have the Golis Escarpment, which is a road that climbs 700 meters and over 10km through the mountains and Berbera, an old harbor town. Berbera is a harbor that’s been around since ancient times because it is between the Indian Ocean and Red Sea making it maritime trading Centre. Now while on the shores of Somaliland if you go to the town of Zeila it is known for its offshore islands, coral reef, and mangroves. The coastal city of Berbera is known for its’ beautiful beaches that offer amazing snorkeling and scuba diving.

In conclusion, Somaliland is a beautiful country that has the ability for continuous growth and prosperity. This country has fought its’ way through a civil war, and now is fighting its’ way for recognition from the rest of the world. Its reputation has so far been tainted by its counterpart below it. However, the people remained strong, and continue to look towards the future. It is my belief that if this part of the world gets the recognition it truly deserves it will become an even more amazing place to visit. We, as people, can help with this by becoming understanding, and by spreading the word about how they decided to fight the odds and won.

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Ebola: Guineans Riot in Nzerekore over Disinfectant

Ebola: Guineans Riot in Nzerekore over Disinfectant

http://www.bbc.com/new/world-africa-28984259

1 September 2014

The issue of this article was about how the residents of Nzerekore, Guinea rioted after their market place was sprayed with disinfectant to prevent the spread of the Ebola virus. The local residence feared that the spray would spread Ebola, leading to the attack on health workers and the hospital in Nzerekore. Therefore causing them to flee to nearby military bases for protection. This fear was fabricated by a rumor that the spray would help spread the Ebola virus to the locals. The article continues to talk about how the outbreak of Ebola started in Guinea and has claimed over fifteen thousand lives so far. The article then continues to go into how the local traders were not warned about the epidemic and held protest at the local hospital. Furthermore the article goes into how Senegal has confirmed its first case of Ebola, which was a Guinean citizen.

_77257455_77255649            The main issue of this article was eluded, which is Ebola has a serious issue and what can be done to prevent the spread. Anytime we as a people have an epidemic dealing with some form of disease it affects the entire world. If we look at history we will see how diseases like cholera, smallpox, tuberculosis, and the plague have spread around the world claiming many lives. These diseases all started in one location then spread like wild fire to the rest of the world, and at no fault to any one person or nation. This is the nature of diseases, and Ebola is no different.

This article was very biased against Guinea and tossed blame on the country for the outbreak. The writer states, “the current outbreak of Ebola began in Guinea, and has killed more than 1,500 people in four countries.” That statement places direct blame on the country for the outbreak and the death for the people in the neighboring countries. It also goes into how the Guinea citizen was at fault for Senegal’s first case of Ebola.

This is not only stereotypical but also a damaging article to their country and the continent of Africa. Every country in the world relies on import and export, so this article helps create a tone of fear around the world. Transactions and opportunities that normally would have been possible may have halted or damaged for good, because of fabricated fear that is created by the press. I believe by the tossing of blame, and reporting actions of a scared group of people is very damaging. The things that should be coming out of this part of the world should be positive. They should discuss the issue of the disease and the ways to prevent the spread.

In conclusion, this article was very damaging to Guinea and the neighboring countries. The writer only discusses the fear that was created from the viruses, and how the people are reacting based off of that fear. Other then targeting the domestic issues of this country in its dyer need. The writers from this organization should focus on information that can be useful to the world, because this virus affects everyone and isn’t bias to who it targets.