Author Archives: Melanie F Liston

Taste Aversion

Our brain works in very strange ways. Everyone has been sick many times throughout their lives ranging from the common cold to throwing up with the flu. If you get sick after eating a certain food, you may form a taste aversion to the specific food. Even if that specific food was not responsible for getting you sick, you still usually tend to stay away from that food. Taste aversion is evolutionarily beneficial because we try to stay healthy but if we get sick we naturally associate it with the last thing we ate and then we stay away from that food in order to prevent the sickness from happening again. Taste aversion was used to control predators. Wolves used to prey on sheep however, the farmers put poison on the sheep which would make the wolves sick. Therefore the wolves would stay away from the sheep in order to not get sick.

I have seen lots of my friends experience taste aversion. Sometimes the aversion has lasted many years while others have only lasted a couple weeks. One of my friends experienced a taste aversion to hot dogs that were sold at the vendors in New York City. One time she went into the city and got a hot dog from a street vendor and later that day got sick. To this day, she cannot eat hot dogs from the City. Another one of my friends experienced a taste aversion to a certain type of alcohol. Until that one specific night she had no problem drinking that type of alcohol however that one night she got really drunk and ended up throwing up after drinking that type of alcohol. For the next couple of weeks when she went out to party she wasn’t able to drink or even smell that alcohol without feeling like she was going to get sick again. Taste aversion is a way that our bodies try to keep us healthy by avoiding foods/drinks that have previously gotten us sick or was associated with us getting sick.

Childhood Memories

When you think about it, memories are such a strange thing. You have these pictures in your mind, sometimes very vivid, from when you were a young child and you always assume that that’s what you have previously experienced in the past. However, during class we learned that perhaps these images and ideas in our heads are in fact just images and ideas created by us from stories we have been told. Due to infantile memory, it is thought that the earliest age of conscious memory is around three and a half years old. I believe this is correct because my first real memory, or so I think, is when I was three years and three months old; this is when my little sister was born. However, for some strange reason I cannot remember anything about the actual birth of my sister even though I have been told many times that I was right next to my mom the entire time. The part of that day that I remember is that my aunt and my cousins picked me up and were driving me to the birthing center. The only thing that I remember from the day is being in the car on the way to see my sister being born.

Another strange thing that occurs with memories is the idea that other people are able to implant memories and you eventually end up actually believe them to be true. The idea of implanting memories can be shown through a story about my sister. Before my sister was born my parents and I lived in a different town than we currently live. When my mom found out she was pregnant my parents decided to move in order to have more room for another child. Therefore, my sister has never been inside the old house that my parents and I used to live in. However, every once in a while my family reminisces and talks about funny stories and my sister very confidently believes that she has been in the old house. She even talks about colors of the walls and how her room looked. Obviously this is an implanted memory in my sister because she has never even stepped foot into that house. Memories are a very curious thing because we never know where our memories actually came from.

Partners in Research

In my town there is a company called “Partners in Research”. “Partners in Research”, (PIR), is a business that conducts testing on consumer products. In order for companies to know how well their product is received, they have to conduct a multitude of tests with the general population. PIR obtains people to test all the different products by calling and surveying potential participants and asking various questions. If you have been accepted, you go to the building and are directed to a specific room along with other people who are involved in the test, usually taste test, in order to give reviews on the product.

The way Partners in Research conducts their business reminded me of the descriptions of the different research methods we learned in class. We learned in class many different kinds of ways to perform research including naturalistic observation, laboratory observation, case studies, and surveys. The situation that I have described would be classified as a laboratory observation. This is because all the participants had to go to a building and then to a specific room in order to complete the experiment. There are advantages and disadvantages associated with performing laboratory observations. One advantage is that there is more control for the people conducting the experiment. They would have more control because by assembling everyone in a room, they can make sure that everyone is concentrating and putting effort into what they are supposed to be doing. If this experiment was done at someone’s house the results would be a lot less reliable due to the fact that most people would not spend as much time on documenting their opinions on the products and most likely would not focus as much. Therefore, by completing the observation in a lab setting, the people in charge could control for every variable they wanted such as how long they wanted everyone to chew the gum for or how many chips they wanted everyone to eat before completing the review. Another advantage that could be utilized in the laboratory observation is that they have more specialized equipment and more things available for them to use rather that in a naturalistic observation. There were more trained people that were able to make sure that everyone was following proper protocol and to make sure that everyone was completely filling out the review sheet. However, a disadvantage to conducting a laboratory observation would be that the results gained are not always similar to the results that would be produced from a real life study. This is the case because some people who are in the study often feel like they do not want to be exceptionally harsh or exceptionally  forgiving to a product. They may be less likely to express their real feeling toward a product due to the fact that when researchers read your comments they may connect your answer to you. Also, people may skew their answers to what they think that the researchers would want to hear. However, this negatively impacts the researchers by not giving them a realistic view of how their product is perceived. Many people would not be willing to express honestly how they feel about a product just because it is not a natural environment and they may feel rushed, stressed, or nervous. Therefore, there are advantages and disadvantages to using laboratory observations. The type of research that is used is determined by what it is that is being tested.